Nokea
The nurse weighs a patient at the same time of day with the same scale and same clothing. What is this a simple and accurate method of determining?
- A. An accurate weight
- B. Water balance
- C. Adequate nutrition
- D. Urinary output
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A simple and accurate method of determining water balance is to weigh the patient under the same conditions each day.
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When a patient takes substances into the body they first enter the extracellular compartment. What must the substances enter to carry out their function?
- A. Horizontal compartment
- B. Intracellular compartment
- C. Compartmental
- D. Vertical compartment
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To carry out their function, substances must enter the cell.
The nurse uses a diagram to show that fluids in the interstitial and intravascular compartments are combined. What do they combine to form?
- A. Intercellular compartment
- B. Circulating compartment
- C. Vertical compartment
- D. Extracellular compartment
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The fluids in the interstitial and intravascular compartments are combined to form the extracellular compartment.
Homeostasis of the hydrogen ion concentration in body fluids depends on the ratio of carbonic acid to bicarbonate in the extracellular fluid. What is this ratio?
- A. 1:5
- B. 1:10
- C. 1:15
- D. 1:20
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The ratio needed for homeostasis is 1 part carbonic acid to 20 parts bicarbonate.
The nurse encourages a patient who has been vomiting to drink fluids because the body fluid lost daily must match the amount of fluid taken in to maintain homeostasis. What is the recommended daily amount of fluid for an adult?
- A. 1000 mL
- B. 1500 mL
- C. 2050 mL
- D. 2500 mL
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Daily fluid intake and output is about 2200 to 2700 mL/day, and urinary output is about 1000 to 2000 mL/day.
When administering intravenous (IV) fluids the nurse ensures that the IV fluids are infusing as ordered to prevent dehydration in an adult. When could dehydration become lethal?
- A. If the patient loses 5% of body fluid
- B. If the patient loses 10% of body fluid
- C. If the patient loses 15% of body fluid
- D. If the patient loses 20% of body fluid
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A loss of 20% of body fluid in an adult is fatal.