Nokea
A patient began vomiting and continued to do so for several hours. What is the result of this loss of stomach contents?
- A. Metabolic acidosis
- B. Metabolic alkalosis
- C. Respiratory acidosis
- D. Respiratory alkalosis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The most common cause of metabolic alkalosis is vomiting gastric contents.
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A nurse assesses an edematous cardiac patient. The nurse is aware that this condition is a result of retained fluid. What is the patient considered to be?
- A. Hyponatremic
- B. Hypokalemic
- C. Hypernatremic
- D. Hypercalcemic
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypernatremia is a greater-than-normal concentration of sodium, which leads to retained fluids and edema.
A child has been having an asthma attack for the last 8 hours. Because of the child's inability to exhale effectively the nurse assesses for respiratory __.
Correct Answer: acidosis
Rationale: Retained CO2 will lead to respiratory acidosis.
The nurse explains that a normal adult will lose approximately 350 mL of water through respiration in the course of a(n) __.
Correct Answer: day
Rationale: Adults lose about 350 mL of water daily through respiration.
What percentage of an adult's body weight consists of water?
- A. 10% to 20%
- B. 30% to 40%
- C. 50% to 60%
- D. 70% to 80%
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The percentage of water declines to 50% to 60% in adults.
The nurse modifies the care plan for the immobilized patient after assessing a calcium level of 6.2 mEq/L. What nursing assessment should the nurse include when modifying this care plan?
- A. Osteoporosis
- B. Tooth loss
- C. Renal calculi
- D. Contractures
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypercalcemia occurs when calcium levels exceed 5.8 mEq/L. It may occur when calcium stored in the bone enters the circulation for example, in patients who are immobilized. Renal calculi may develop because of high levels of calcium.