Nokea
Excess secretion of epinephrine:
- A. relieves anxiety.
- B. stimulates the synthesis of glycogen.
- C. elevates blood glucose levels.
- D. slows heart rate and lowers blood pressure.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Excess secretion of epinephrine activates the fight-or-flight response, leading to the release of stored glucose into the bloodstream, elevating blood glucose levels. This helps provide immediate energy for the body to respond to stress. Epinephrine does not relieve anxiety (Choice A), as it is a stress hormone. It does not stimulate glycogen synthesis (Choice B) but rather breaks down glycogen to release glucose. Epinephrine increases heart rate and blood pressure (opposite of Choice D) to support increased energy needs during stress. Thus, the correct answer is C.
You may also like to solve these questions
The secretions from which of these glands differs between males and females?
- A. Adrenal.
- B. Parathyroid.
- C. Gonadal.
- D. Pancreas.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Gonadal. The secretions from gonads (testes in males, ovaries in females) differ between males and females due to the production of sex hormones (testosterone in males, estrogen and progesterone in females). Adrenal glands (A) secrete similar hormones in both genders. Parathyroid (B) and Pancreas (D) do not secrete hormones that differ based on gender.
Twenty-eight-year-old Alicia has recently been diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. Signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism include:
- A. Tachycardia, sweating, and tremors.
- B. Fatigue, lethargy, and weight gain.
- C. Muscle twitching, tetany, and galactorrhea.
- D. Scotoma, alopecia, and hirsutism.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Symptoms of hyperthyroidism include increased heart rate (tachycardia), excessive sweating, and tremors due to the overactive thyroid gland.
Mrs. A. asks why her urine is being tested so often for sugar since she does not have diabetes. The nurse's best response is which of the following?
- A. Your adrenal gland is producing too much hormone causing your blood sugar to increase and it is spilling into your urine.
- B. I can't tell you that information; you will have to ask your doctor to tell you when he comes in.
- C. The medicine we are giving you for your Cushing syndrome can sometimes cause diabetes, so we are checking for it.
- D. Your pancreas is not producing enough insulin to take care of the sugar in your blood.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In Cushing syndrome, excess cortisol can increase blood sugar, leading to glucosuria, so urine is monitored for sugar.
The adenohypophysis:
- A. secretes ADH and oxytocin.
- B. refers to the anterior pituitary gland.
- C. secretes releasing hormones.
- D. secretes glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and androgens.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the adenohypophysis refers specifically to the anterior pituitary gland, which secretes various hormones like growth hormone, prolactin, and thyroid-stimulating hormone. Choice A is incorrect because ADH and oxytocin are actually secreted by the neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary). Choice C is incorrect because releasing hormones are secreted by the hypothalamus, not the adenohypophysis. Choice D is incorrect because glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and androgens are actually secreted by the adrenal cortex, not the anterior pituitary gland.
What assessment findings, specific to the endocrine glands, should a nurse observe while inspecting the skin of a client during a physical examination?
- A. Skin breaks that heal quickly
- B. Excessive hair growth or loss
- C. Increased thickness
- D. Rashes with no underlying cause
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Excessive hair growth or loss can be indicative of endocrine imbalances, such as those seen in conditions like hyperthyroidism or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).