Nokea
Expecting that all Chinese persons believe in the hot"“cold theory of health and illness is an example of:
- A. critical cultural perspective.
- B. culturalism.
- C. ethnic practice.
- D. ethnicity.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: culturalism. This is because culturalism refers to the belief that all members of a culture share the same beliefs or practices. Expecting all Chinese persons to believe in the hot-cold theory is an example of culturalism as it assumes a homogenous perspective within the Chinese culture.
A: A critical cultural perspective would involve questioning and analyzing cultural beliefs and practices rather than assuming they are universal.
C: Ethnic practice refers to specific customs or traditions within a particular ethnic group, not a general belief system like the hot-cold theory.
D: Ethnicity refers to one's cultural background or heritage, but it does not address the assumption of shared beliefs within a culture.
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The public's concept of health has changed since the 1950s. Which of the following statements most accurately describes this change?
- A. Lifestyle, personal habits, exercise, and nutrition are essential to health.
- B. Assessment of health is critical to identifying disease-causing pathogens.
- C. Accurate diagnosis and treatment by a physician are essential for all health care.
- D. An individual is considered healthy when signs and symptoms of disease have been eliminated.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it reflects the shift towards a holistic view of health focusing on preventive measures and lifestyle choices. In the 1950s, the emphasis was more on treating diseases rather than preventing them through healthy habits. Choice B is incorrect as it only focuses on identifying pathogens, not overall health. Choice C is incorrect because it emphasizes physician-centered healthcare rather than individual responsibility. Choice D is incorrect as it only considers the absence of symptoms, not overall well-being. Therefore, A is the best choice as it aligns with the modern understanding of health promotion and disease prevention.
A 23-year-old patient is in the clinic and appears anxious. Her speech is rapid. She is fidgety and in constant motion. Which of the following questions or statements would be most appropriate for the nurse to use in this situation to assess attention span?
- A. How do you usually feel? Is this normal behaviour for you?
- B. I am going to say four words. In a few minutes, I will ask you to recall them.
- C. Please describe the meaning of the phrase, "looking through rose-coloured glasses.'
- D. Please pick up the pencil in your left hand, move it to your right hand, and place it on the table.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it involves a specific and observable task that assesses attention span. By asking the patient to perform a physical action that requires focus and coordination, the nurse can directly evaluate the patient's ability to follow instructions and maintain attention. This task also helps to assess motor skills and coordination, which can be affected in certain conditions associated with anxiety and restlessness.
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not directly assess attention span. Choice A focuses on emotions and behavior rather than attention. Choice B assesses memory recall rather than attention span. Choice C tests comprehension and interpretation skills related to a phrase, but it does not evaluate attention span directly.
A nurse is caring for a patient with chronic heart failure. Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize?
- A. Administering diuretics as prescribed.
- B. Encouraging increased fluid intake.
- C. Restricting sodium intake.
- D. Administering pain medications as needed.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administering diuretics as prescribed. Diuretics help reduce fluid retention in patients with heart failure, relieving symptoms like edema and shortness of breath. Prioritizing diuretics can help manage the patient's fluid balance and improve heart function. Encouraging increased fluid intake (B) is contraindicated as it can worsen fluid overload. Restricting sodium intake (C) is important in heart failure management but not the top priority over administering diuretics. Administering pain medications (D) is not a priority intervention for chronic heart failure management.
When a nurse is assessing a patient's pain level, which of the following questions would be most appropriate?
- A. "How would you rate your pain on a scale from 0 to 10?"
- B. "When did your pain start?"
- C. "What causes your pain?"
- D. "Do you need any medication for the pain?"
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Asking the patient to rate pain on a scale of 0 to 10 is a standard pain assessment tool, allowing for quantification and tracking of pain intensity.
Step 2: This question helps in understanding the severity of pain objectively.
Step 3: It provides a baseline for further pain management interventions.
Step 4: Other choices are incorrect as they do not directly address assessing pain intensity or severity.
Summary: Option A is the most appropriate as it focuses on quantifying pain, which is crucial for effective pain management. Choices B, C, and D are not as relevant for assessing pain intensity.
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of hypertension. The nurse should educate the patient to avoid which of the following?
- A. Increasing potassium intake.
- B. Consuming more fruits and vegetables.
- C. Limiting sodium intake.
- D. Increasing caffeine consumption.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Increasing caffeine consumption. Caffeine can potentially raise blood pressure in individuals with hypertension. The rationale is that caffeine is a stimulant that can lead to temporary spikes in blood pressure. This can be harmful for patients with a history of hypertension as it can exacerbate their condition.
A: Increasing potassium intake is generally recommended for individuals with hypertension as it can help lower blood pressure.
B: Consuming more fruits and vegetables is also beneficial for hypertension due to their high fiber and nutrient content.
C: Limiting sodium intake is crucial for managing hypertension as high sodium levels can lead to increased blood pressure.
In summary, increasing caffeine consumption is the correct answer to avoid for patients with hypertension, as it can potentially worsen their condition by raising blood pressure.