Nokea
Failure to thrive (FTT) is a descriptive term given to malnourished infants and young children who fail to meet expected standards of growth. Of the following, the growth parameter that is usually not affected by malnutrition is
- A. weight
- B. height
- C. weight for height ratio
- D. head circumference
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Head circumference is less likely to be affected by short-term malnutrition because brain growth is prioritized during infancy and early childhood.
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Which blood gas analyses are most indicative of respiratory acidosis?
- A. pH = 7.22, PCO2 = 55 mmHg, HCO3 = 30 mEq/L.
- B. pH = 7.28, PCO2 = 45 mmHg, HCO3 = 15 mEq/L.
- C. pH = 7.34, PCO2 = 35 mmHg, HCO3 = 25 mEq/L.
- D. pH = 7.40, PCO2 = 25 mmHg, HCO3 = 30 mEq/L.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Respiratory acidosis is indicated by a low pH and elevated PCO2, as seen in option A.
Seven girls were victims of food poisoning after eating the sandwiches served at snack time. Which of the following statement are true regarding food poisoning?
- A. Symptoms include salivation, cramping, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea
- B. Foods that are handled and allowed to remain without refrigeration before eaten are most dangerous
- C. Cooking will destroy the organism and stop production of enterotoxin
- D. All are correct
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. Symptoms of food poisoning can indeed include salivation (due to excess saliva production), cramping, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. These symptoms are common manifestations of foodborne illnesses caused by harmful bacteria or toxins present in contaminated food.
Which client has the highest risk of ovarian cancer?
- A. 30-year old woman taking contraceptives
- B. 45-year old woman who has never been pregnant
- C. 40-year old woman with three children
- D. 36-year old woman who had her first child at age 22
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: One of the major risk factors for ovarian cancer is nulliparity, which means never having been pregnant. This is because pregnancy and childbirth have a protective effect against ovarian cancer. Women who have never been pregnant are at a higher risk of developing ovarian cancer compared to women who have had children. Age is also a significant risk factor for ovarian cancer, with the risk increasing as women get older. Therefore, the 45-year old woman who has never been pregnant has the highest risk of ovarian cancer among the given clients.
Laboratory confirmation of the diagnosis in Question 1 can best be obtained by measuring the toxic compound's concentration in which of the following?
- A. Urine
- B. Blood
- C. Hair
- D. Saliva
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mercury levels are most accurately measured in urine, especially in cases of chronic exposure.
Failure to thrive (FTT) is a descriptive term given to malnourished infants and young children who fail to meet expected standards of growth. Of the following, the growth parameter that is usually not affected by malnutrition is
- A. weight
- B. height
- C. weight for height ratio
- D. head circumference
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Head circumference is less likely to be affected by short-term malnutrition because brain growth is prioritized during infancy and early childhood.