Nokea
For a female patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which nursing intervention would help maintain a patent airway?
- A. Restricting fluid intake to 1,000 ml per day.
- B. Enforcing absolute bed rest.
- C. Teaching the patient how to perform controlled coughing.
- D. Administering prescribed sedatives regularly and in large amounts.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Teaching the patient how to perform controlled coughing. This intervention helps to clear mucus and secretions from the airways, maintaining a patent airway. Controlled coughing also prevents airway obstruction and promotes effective breathing. Restricting fluid intake (A) can lead to dehydration and thickening of secretions, worsening airway clearance. Enforcing bed rest (B) can cause decreased lung expansion and retention of secretions. Administering sedatives (D) can depress respiratory drive and worsen respiratory function.
You may also like to solve these questions
A nurse teaches a client who is prescribed nicotine replacement therapy. Which statement would the nurse include in this client's teaching?
- A. Make a list of reasons why smoking is a bad habit.
- B. Rise slowly when getting out of bed in the morning.
- C. Smoking while taking this medication will increase your risk of a stroke.
- D. Stopping this medication suddenly increases your risk for a heart attack.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Smoking while taking this medication will increase your risk of a stroke. This statement is important because nicotine replacement therapy aims to help the client quit smoking, and smoking while on this therapy can lead to nicotine overdose, increasing the risk of adverse effects like stroke.
Choice A is incorrect as it does not directly relate to the client's nicotine replacement therapy. Choice B is incorrect as it pertains to orthostatic hypotension, not nicotine replacement therapy. Choice D is incorrect as it addresses the consequences of abruptly stopping the medication, not the risks associated with smoking while on it.
What is the relationship between the pressures at label '3'?
- A. P outside = P inside
- B. P outside > P inside
- C. P outside < P inside
- D. P outside + P inside
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because at label '3', the pressure outside the system is higher than the pressure inside. This is based on the principle that pressure decreases with increasing elevation. As we move upward in a fluid column, the pressure decreases. Therefore, in this scenario, the pressure outside the system (higher elevation) will be greater than the pressure inside the system (lower elevation).
A: P outside = P inside - Incorrect, as explained above, pressures are not equal at label '3'.
C: P outside < P inside - Incorrect, pressures are not in this relationship at label '3'.
D: P outside + P inside - Incorrect, this is not a valid comparison of pressures at label '3'.
The nurse is caring for a patient immediately postoperative after a left pneumonectomy. How should the nurse position the patient?
- A. In high Fowler position
- B. In semi-Fowler position
- C. In a right side-lying position
- D. In a left side-lying position
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice D is correct:
1. Post-pneumonectomy, positioning the patient on the left side allows the remaining lung to expand fully.
2. This position promotes better ventilation and perfusion, aiding in oxygenation.
3. Placing the patient on the left side also helps prevent pressure on the surgical site.
4. The left side-lying position also facilitates drainage and prevents pooling of secretions in the surgical area.
Summary of why other choices are incorrect:
A. High Fowler position may cause increased pressure on the surgical site and impede lung expansion.
B. Semi-Fowler position may not optimize lung expansion and could lead to decreased oxygenation.
C. Right side-lying position is not ideal as it does not facilitate full expansion of the remaining lung and may cause pooling of secretions.
After inspiration commences the:
- A. Intrapleural pressure and intrapulmonary P both fall
- B. Intrapleural pressure falls and intrapulmonary P rises
- C. Intrapleural pressure falls and venous return decreases
- D. Intrapulmonary pressure rises and volume of the alveoli is momentarily unchanged
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: After inspiration commences, the diaphragm contracts and the thoracic cavity expands. This leads to a decrease in intrapleural pressure, allowing the lungs to expand. Simultaneously, intrapulmonary pressure decreases, creating a pressure gradient for air to flow into the lungs. Choice A is correct because both intrapleural pressure and intrapulmonary pressure fall during inspiration.
Choice B is incorrect because intrapulmonary pressure actually decreases during inspiration, not rises. Choice C is incorrect because intrapleural pressure falling does not directly correlate with a decrease in venous return. Choice D is incorrect because during inspiration, the volume of the alveoli increases as the lungs expand, causing intrapulmonary pressure to decrease.
The nose serves all the following functions EXCEPT:
- A. as the initiator of the cough reflex
- B. warming and humidifying the air
- C. cleansing the air
- D. as a passageway for air movement
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: as the initiator of the cough reflex. The nose does not initiate the cough reflex; rather, it is the respiratory system's response to irritants in the airways. The nose warms, humidifies, and cleanses the air as it passes through, and it also serves as a passageway for air movement. Therefore, the nose does not directly trigger the cough reflex.