Nokea
Branches of bronchial tree
- A. primary bronchi_trachea_secondary bronchi_tertiary_bronchioles_terminal
- B. trachea-pri bronchi-sec bronchi-ter bronchi-bronchioles-terinnal
- C. Both a and b
- D. itis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it correctly lists the branches of the bronchial tree in order: trachea-primary bronchi-secondary bronchi-tertiary bronchi-bronchioles-terminal. The trachea divides into the primary bronchi, which further divide into secondary bronchi, followed by tertiary bronchi, bronchioles, and finally terminal bronchioles. Choice A is incorrect because it lists "primary bronchi_trachea" which is out of order and "tertiary_bronchioles" instead of "tertiary bronchi." Choice C is incorrect because it combines the incorrect order of branches from both A and B. Choice D, "itis," is not a valid term related to the branches of the bronchial tree.
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Delegation Decision: The nurse is caring for a patient with COPD. Which intervention could be delegated to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)?
- A. Assist the patient to get out of bed.
- B. Auscultate breath sounds every 4 hours.
- C. Plan patient activities to minimize exertion.
- D. Teach the patient pursed lip breathing technique.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Assisting the patient to get out of bed can be safely delegated to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) as it does not require specialized nursing knowledge or skills. It is a basic activity of daily living that can be delegated to support staff while allowing nurses to focus on more complex patient care tasks.
The maximum amount of air that can be taken into the lungs in a single deep breath is the
- A. vital capacity.
- B. tidal volume
- C. pleural volume.
- D. alveolar volume.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: vital capacity. Vital capacity is the maximum amount of air a person can exhale after taking the deepest breath possible. It is calculated by adding tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, and expiratory reserve volume together. This measurement reflects the maximum lung capacity and is important in assessing lung function. Tidal volume (B) is the amount of air inhaled and exhaled during normal breathing cycles. Pleural volume (C) refers to the space between the lungs and the chest wall. Alveolar volume (D) is the amount of air in the alveoli available for gas exchange. These choices are incorrect as they do not represent the maximum air intake capacity of the lungs.
The nurse is caring for a patient immediately postoperative after a left pneumonectomy. How should the nurse position the patient?
- A. In high Fowler position
- B. In semi-Fowler position
- C. In a right side-lying position
- D. In a left side-lying position
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice D is correct:
1. Post-pneumonectomy, positioning the patient on the left side allows the remaining lung to expand fully.
2. This position promotes better ventilation and perfusion, aiding in oxygenation.
3. Placing the patient on the left side also helps prevent pressure on the surgical site.
4. The left side-lying position also facilitates drainage and prevents pooling of secretions in the surgical area.
Summary of why other choices are incorrect:
A. High Fowler position may cause increased pressure on the surgical site and impede lung expansion.
B. Semi-Fowler position may not optimize lung expansion and could lead to decreased oxygenation.
C. Right side-lying position is not ideal as it does not facilitate full expansion of the remaining lung and may cause pooling of secretions.
A client is admitted with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which of the following signs and symptoms aren't characteristic of COPD?
- A. Fever
- B. Dyspnea on exertion.
- C. Barrel chest.
- D. Clubbed fingers and toes.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Fever. Fever is not a characteristic sign or symptom of COPD. The rationale is that COPD is a chronic respiratory condition that primarily affects the lungs and airways, leading to symptoms such as shortness of breath (dyspnea on exertion), barrel chest due to air trapping, and clubbed fingers and toes due to chronic hypoxia. Fever is not a typical presentation of COPD, as it is usually associated with infections or inflammatory conditions rather than COPD itself. In summary, choices B, C, and D are characteristic of COPD, while choice A is not typically associated with this condition.
The portion of the lung ventilated by one bronchioles is called......
- A. terminal bronchioles
- B. bronchioles tree
- C. Pulmonary lobule
- D. primary bronchioles
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pulmonary lobule. A pulmonary lobule is the portion of the lung ventilated by one bronchiole. This is because each bronchiole branches into smaller airways ending in clusters of alveoli called pulmonary lobules. The other choices are incorrect because: A) Terminal bronchioles are the smallest airways in the respiratory tract, not the portion of the lung ventilated by one bronchiole. B) Bronchiole tree is not a specific anatomical term. D) Primary bronchioles are the branches of the main bronchi and are not associated with the specific portion of the lung ventilated by one bronchiole.