Nokea
For learning and growth to occur, positive feedback needs to be present
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Positive feedback amplifies change, not stability; learning can occur without it.
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A patient with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is prescribed BuSpar. What is important to inform the patient before discharge?
- A. This medication may take several weeks to take effect
- B. Alternative medications
- C. Severe headache
- D. Urinary retention
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
1. BuSpar is an anxiolytic medication that may take weeks to reach full effectiveness.
2. Patient education is crucial to manage expectations and ensure compliance.
3. Informing the patient about the delayed onset helps prevent premature discontinuation.
Summary:
B: Alternative medications - Not relevant to informing the patient before discharge.
C: Severe headache - Not a common side effect of BuSpar.
D: Urinary retention - Not a common side effect of BuSpar.
A grieving patient tells a nurse, Its been eight months since my spouse died. I thought I would feel better by now, but lately I feel worse. I have no energy. I am lonely, but I dont want to be around people. What should I do? What is the nurses best counsel?
- A. Seek psychotherapy.
- B. Become active in a church.
- C. Go to the spouses grave every day.
- D. Understand this is a normal response.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The patient needs understanding and support that the feelings are normal. Although feelings of depression generally decline over the period of a year after the death of a loved one, the decline is not linear. Loneliness and aimlessness are most pronounced 6 to 9 months after the death. The patient should be educated about normal phenomena experienced during bereavement. The other options are not clearly indicated.
The nurse is caring for a patient with HIV. For which common opportunistic infection should the nurse observe when caring for this patient?
- A. Toxoplasmosis
- B. Cryptococcosis
- C. Candida albicans
- D. Cryptosporidiosis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Candida albicans. Patients with HIV are at risk for opportunistic infections due to their weakened immune system. Candida albicans is a common fungal infection seen in HIV patients due to their compromised immunity. It can manifest as oral thrush, esophageal candidiasis, or vaginal yeast infections. Observing for signs of Candida albicans is essential for early detection and treatment.
Incorrect choices:
A: Toxoplasmosis - While Toxoplasmosis is another opportunistic infection seen in HIV patients, it is more commonly associated with neurological manifestations such as encephalitis.
B: Cryptococcosis - Cryptococcosis is a fungal infection caused by Cryptococcus neoformans, commonly affecting the lungs and central nervous system in HIV patients.
D: Cryptosporidiosis - Cryptosporidiosis is a parasitic infection that primarily affects the gastrointestinal tract and is commonly seen in HIV patients with severe
A patient has smoked two packs of cigarettes daily for many years. When the patient does not smoke or tries to cut back, anxiety, craving, poor concentration, and headache result. What does this scenario describe?
- A. Substance abuse
- B. Substance intoxication
- C. Substance dependence
- D. Recreational use of a social drug
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Substance dependence. This scenario describes a pattern of symptoms indicative of substance dependence, which includes tolerance, withdrawal symptoms when trying to cut back, unsuccessful attempts to quit, and continued use despite negative consequences. The patient's reliance on cigarettes to manage anxiety, craving, poor concentration, and headache indicates a psychological and physical dependence on nicotine.
A: Substance abuse typically involves harmful use of a substance but does not necessarily include physiological dependence.
B: Substance intoxication refers to the immediate effects of a substance in the body, not the long-term pattern of dependence.
D: Recreational use of a social drug implies occasional and non-regular use, which does not align with the described scenario of chronic, daily smoking leading to withdrawal symptoms.
Which of the following statements is correct regarding identifying patients at risk for HIV infection?
- A. All patients should be considered as being at risk for HIV infection
- B. Only homosexual patients should be considered at risk for HIV infection
- C. Only patients who use intravenous drugs should be considered at risk for HIV infection
- D. A monogamous heterosexual woman is not considered at risk for HIV infection
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: HIV risk is not limited to specific groups; universal screening is recommended.