Nokea
GLP-1 agonists:
- A. Directly bind to a receptor in the pancreatic beta cell
- B. Have been approved for monotherapy
- C. Speed gastric emptying to decrease appetite
- D. Can be given orally once daily
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: GLP-1 agonists bind beta-cell receptors to enhance insulin release; they're not monotherapy-approved or oral .
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A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for Amitriptyline for treatment of depression. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Expect therapeutic effects in 24 to 48 hr.
- B. Discontinue the medication after a week of improved mood.
- C. Change positions slowly to minimize dizziness.
- D. Decrease injury from the first dose.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Slow position changes prevent dizziness, and chewing gum relieves dry mouth, common with tricyclics like amitriptyline.
Which diuretic is classified as a thiazide?
- A. Furosemide
- B. Spironolactone
- C. Hydrochlorothiazide
- D. Mannitol
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic, acting on the distal convoluted tubule, unlike furosemide (loop), spironolactone (potassium-sparing), or mannitol (osmotic).
Which statement is correct regarding glucagon:
- A. Causes hypoglicemia
- B. Haven't affect glucose level in the blood
- C. Has a positive inotroic effect
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Glucagon has a positive inotropic effect on the heart, increasing contractility, in addition to raising blood glucose levels.
Drug levels should be monitored in the treatment of
- A. Diabetes
- B. Epilepsy
- C. Status Asthmatics
- D. Hypertension
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Therapeutic drug monitoring is critical in epilepsy (e.g., phenytoin) due to narrow therapeutic ranges.
The nurse is reviewing the history and physical examination of a client who will be receiving asparaginase (Elspar), an antineoplastic agent. The nurse consults with the registered nurse regarding the administration of the medication if which of the following is documented in the client's history?
- A. Pancreatitis
- B. Diabetes mellitus
- C. Myocardial infarction
- D. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Asparaginase (Elspar) is contraindicated if hypersensitivity exists, in pancreatitis, or if the client has a history of pancreatitis. The medication impairs pancreatic function and pancreatic function tests should be performed before therapy begins and when a week or more has elapsed between administration of the doses. The client needs to be monitored for signs of pancreatitis, which include nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. The conditions noted in options 2, 3, and 4 are not contraindicated with this medication.