Nokea
Which is known as the fifth vital sign?
- A. Temperature
- B. Respirations
- C. Pain
- D. Pulse
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pain is known as the fifth vital sign.
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Incorporating information technology (IT) into a patient encounter takes skill and tact. During the encounter, the provider can make the patient more comfortable with the IT the provider is using by:
- A. Turning the screen around so the patient can see material being recorded
- B. Not placing the computer screen between the provider and the patient
- C. Both 1 and 2
- D. Neither 1 nor 2
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Both actions reduce barriers and enhance patient comfort with IT use.
A nurse is reviewing a new prescription for Ondansetron 4 mg PO PRN for nausea and vomiting for a client who has Hyperemesis Gravidarum. The nurse should clarify which of the following parts of the prescription with the provider?
- A. Name
- B. Dosage
- C. Route
- D. Frequency
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: PRN (as needed) lacks a specific frequency (e.g., every 4 hours), requiring clarification for safe administration.
Many patients with hyperlipidemia are treated with more than one drug. Combining a fibric acid derivative such as gemfibrozil with which of the following is not recommended? The drug and the reason must both be correct for the answer to be correct.
- A. Reductase inhibitors, due to an increased risk for rhabdomyolysis
- B. Bile-acid sequestering resins, due to interference with folic acid absorption
- C. Grapefruit juice, due to interference with metabolism
- D. Niacin, due to decreased gemfibrozil activity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Gemfibrozil with statins increases rhabdomyolysis risk.
This graph shows the concentration-dependent effects of norepinephrine on arterial blood pressure, both alone, and in the presence of a fixed concentration of Drug X. Which type of antagonist is Drug X?
- A. Silent
- B. Non-competitive
- C. Competitive
- D. Chemical
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A non-competitive antagonist reduces the maximal response without shifting the potency (EC50), as indicated by the answer key, likely showing a decreased maximum on the graph.
Which of the following two cyclooxygenase isoenzymes is constitutively expressed?
- A. COX-1
- B. COX-2
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: COX-1 is constitutively expressed in most tissues, maintaining normal functions, unlike inducible COX-2.