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he theorist who believes that human have potential is
- A. Sigmund Freud
- B. Carl Rogers
- C. B.F. Skinner
- D. Albert Bandura
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Carl Rogers' humanistic theory emphasizes human potential for growth.
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Nurse Jones decides to tell the client of his terminal status because she believes it is her duty to do so. Which of the following ethical theories is considered in this decision?
- A. Natural law theories
- B. Ethical egoism
- C. Kantianism
- D. Utilitarianism
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nurse Jones acts out of a sense of duty, which reflects Kantianism's focus on moral obligations and duty-based ethics, aligning with option c.
A member of a group verbally lashes out at the nurse leading the discussion on assuming responsibility for behaviors. When the individual states, 'I was abused as a child by my father; you can't make me take responsibility for all the problems he created for me,' the nurse replies:
- A. Can we talk about when your father started abusing you?'
- B. This is a safe place to express your anger about the abuse and about your father.'
- C. May I suggest we end the session today so you don't direct your anger toward me?'
- D. I sense that you have unresolved issues with your father but we need to work on your anger.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it acknowledges the individual's feelings of anger and provides a safe space for expression. By validating their emotions and offering support, the nurse can help the individual process their past trauma. Choice A focuses solely on the abuse timeline and may not address the immediate emotional need. Choice C avoids the issue and may not help the individual address their feelings constructively. Choice D acknowledges the unresolved issues but doesn't actively support the individual in expressing their emotions. In summary, choice B is the most appropriate as it validates the individual's feelings and offers a safe environment for emotional expression.
What is the long-term benefit of successfully implementing a constructive coping mechanism?
- A. Similar stressors will no longer have a negative affect in the future.
- B. One's ability to avoid stressors in the future is greatly improved.
- C. Stress is no longer viewed as a barrier to future happiness and success.
- D. Confidence in one's ability to manage stress in the future is reinforced.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because successfully implementing a constructive coping mechanism reinforces confidence in managing stress in the future. It helps individuals develop resilience and adaptability, leading to better stress management skills. Choice A is incorrect as stressors can still impact individuals, but they are better equipped to handle them. Choice B is incorrect because avoiding stressors doesn't address the root cause of stress. Choice C is incorrect as stress can still pose challenges, but individuals can navigate them effectively with coping strategies.
This theorist supported the theory of moral reasoning. The theory of moral reasoning demonstrates how a person justifies right or wrong.
- A. Freud
- B. Erikson
- C. Kohlberg
- D. Peters
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Kohlberg believed there are three levels for determining moral reasoning: preconventional, conventional, and postconventional.
The nurse is collecting data for a patient with suspected exposure to HIV. Which symptoms would be most concerning in this patient?
- A. Tremors, edema, coughing
- B. Fever, diarrhea, sore throat
- C. Urticaria, sneezing, pruritus
- D. Abdominal pain, anorexia, and vomiting
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because fever, diarrhea, and sore throat are common symptoms associated with acute HIV infection. Fever is often the first symptom, followed by other flu-like symptoms such as diarrhea and sore throat. These symptoms may indicate an acute retroviral syndrome, which occurs within 2-4 weeks of initial HIV infection. Tremors, edema, coughing (Choice A) are not typical symptoms of acute HIV infection. Urticaria, sneezing, pruritus (Choice C) are more indicative of allergic reactions or other non-HIV related conditions. Abdominal pain, anorexia, vomiting (Choice D) are also not specific to HIV infection.