Nokea
Health care decision making regarding children and adolescents under the age of 18 years should ultimately strive to develop which of the following?
- A. Ensure that the patient is informed and assents to the plan of care
- B. Deferral of invasive procedures until the patient reaches the age of consent
- C. Identification of an independent patient advocate outside of the family
- D. Legal emancipation of the minor patient so he/she can make his/her own decisions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Informed assent respects minors' involvement while parents consent.
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According to the behaviorist school, -plays no role in learning:
- A. Experience
- B. Nurture
- C. Nature
- D. Punishment
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Behaviorism (Skinner, Watson) rejects nature (innate factors), emphasizing environmental learning.
Which of the following was NOT one of Bieztek's original seven principles in the Helping Relationship?
- A. Cultural competence
- B. Self-determination
- C. Purposeful expression of feelings
- D. Controlled emotional involvement
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Biestek's original principles focused on core relational dynamics like self-determination, not cultural competence, which emerged later.
he Montessori approach believes that education should be
- A. Standardized
- B. Individualized
- C. Competitive
- D. Traditional
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Montessori education is individualized, tailored to each child's needs.
The U.S. health care system gives patients the right to choose their health care providers. How should physicians respond to requests for a provider of a certain gender, race, or ethnicity?
- A. Only take care of patients from certain ethnic groups
- B. Refuse to accommodate these kinds of requests as they reflect a bias or prejudice
- C. Always accommodate every patient's request
- D. Discuss with the patient his/her reasons for this specific preference
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Discussing preferences respects autonomy while addressing potential biases.
According to the Catholic Church, what is the primary difference between 'ordinary' and 'extraordinary' treatment options?
- A. The amount of harm or pain caused to the patient
- B. The amount of money spent on a given treatment
- C. The number of steps that a treatment option takes
- D. The degree of invasiveness of the treatment
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Church distinguishes based on burden, such as pain or harm.