Nokea
Historically, what movement most influenced unionization in American health care agencies/hospitals?
- A. Immigration laws protected foreign employees from discrimination in hiring or discharge on the basis of national origin and citizenship status.
- B. Women entered the workforce, gaining voice to support unions.
- C. The Industrial Revolution led to poor working conditions and the need to protect workers.
- D. Nurses were exposed to communicable diseases, which led to death and disability.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: The Industrial Revolution introduced poor working conditions in factories, which extended to hospitals.
Step 2: Poor conditions in hospitals led to the need to protect healthcare workers, sparking unionization.
Step 3: This movement influenced the unionization in American health care agencies and hospitals.
Step 4: As a result, choice C is the correct answer.
Summary:
Choice A is incorrect as immigration laws did not directly influence the unionization movement in American healthcare. Choice B is incorrect as women entering the workforce, while significant, did not have the most influence on healthcare unionization. Choice D is incorrect as the exposure to diseases among nurses, while important, did not drive the overall movement for worker protection in healthcare during that time.
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This certificate of inspection is health policy enforced at which level of government?
- A. Local
- B. State
- C. Federal
- D. International
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: State. State governments are responsible for enforcing health policies such as certificates of inspection within their own jurisdiction. They have the authority to regulate and monitor health standards at the state level. Local governments (A) typically focus on implementing policies within their specific region, while federal governments (C) oversee broader health policies that apply across the entire country. International (D) level does not have jurisdiction over local health policies. Therefore, the state level is the most appropriate answer for enforcing a certificate of inspection in this context.
A nurse is interested in locating reliable information concerning noninvasive blood glucose monitoring. Information is located, and the author is a scientist who conducted studies within the last year on the effectiveness of a particular noninvasive blood glucose monitor. The scientist received funding from a pharmaceutical company to support the studies. The URL indicates the pharmaceutical company site.com. The nurse is concerned about this information's:
- A. authority.
- B. objectivity.
- C. accuracy.
- D. currency.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: objectivity. The nurse should be concerned about the objectivity of the information due to the potential bias introduced by the funding received from a pharmaceutical company. This could influence the scientist's findings and conclusions to favor the interests of the company, affecting the accuracy of the information. Authority (choice A) refers to the expertise of the author, not the potential bias. Accuracy (choice C) is impacted by objectivity and the potential conflict of interest. Currency (choice D) relates to how up-to-date the information is, which is not the main concern in this scenario.
What is the best way for the individual nurse to maintain the most effective professional image?
- A. Change out of their work attire before running errands.
- B. Renew membership in a nursing organization.
- C. Earning an advanced nursing degree.
- D. Developing effective nurse-physician relationships.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Change out of their work attire before running errands. This is because maintaining a professional image involves setting clear boundaries between work and personal life. By changing out of work attire before running errands, the nurse avoids potential misconceptions or misunderstandings from the public.
Choice B (Renew membership in a nursing organization) is not directly related to maintaining a professional image, although it is important for professional development. Choice C (Earning an advanced nursing degree) may enhance professional qualifications but does not directly impact the nurse's image. Choice D (Developing effective nurse-physician relationships) is important for teamwork but does not specifically address individual professional image.
A recruiter is explaining benefits to a group of nursing externs who are highly sought for employment. The recruiter states, "We are the only hospital in town that offers a residency program." The recruiter further explains that a residency program:
- A. provides housing for the graduate nurse to decrease expenses until income is established.
- B. partners a medical resident with a nurse resident to learn interprofessional care.
- C. allows new graduates to work on a higher degree in nursing while being paid full-time.
- D. offers extended time for both theory and clinical activities that promote problem solving and clinical decision making.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because a residency program offers extended time for both theory and clinical activities that promote problem-solving and clinical decision-making skills. This is important for new graduates to enhance their clinical skills and transition into practice effectively.
A: Providing housing for the graduate nurse is not typically a component of a residency program.
B: Partnering a medical resident with a nurse resident for interprofessional care is not a defining feature of a nursing residency program.
C: Allowing new graduates to work on a higher degree in nursing while being paid full-time is not the primary focus of a nursing residency program, which is more about developing clinical skills.
The use of plants in conventional modern medicine is evidenced by the drug atropine, which is derived from which plant?
- A. Digitalis purpurea
- B. Cephaelis ipecacuanha
- C. Rauwolfia serpentina
- D. Atropa belladonna
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Atropa belladonna. Atropine is derived from Atropa belladonna plant. Atropa belladonna contains alkaloids which are used in modern medicine for various purposes. Digitalis purpurea (A) is known for digitalis, Cephaelis ipecacuanha (B) for ipecacuanha, and Rauwolfia serpentina (C) for reserpine, not atropine. Therefore, D is the correct choice for this question.