Nokea
How are the thoracic and abdominal cavities separated?
- A. By the pleura
- B. By the diaphragm
- C. By the sagittal plane
- D. By the peritoneum
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The diaphragm (a muscle directly beneath the lungs) separates the ventral cavity into the thoracic (chest) and abdominal cavities.
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Which is the term for the passage of water containing dissolved materials through a membrane as the result of a greater mechanical force on one side?
- A. Metabolism
- B. Mitosis
- C. Filtration
- D. Osmosis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Filtration is the movement of water and particles through a membrane by a force from either pressure or gravity.
Which are tissues that cover the outside of the body and some internal structures?
- A. Connective
- B. Epithelial
- C. Nerve
- D. Muscle
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Epithelial tissue covers the outside of the body and some of the internal structures.
The nurse explains that pinocytosis is a process by which cells perform which action?
- A. divide.
- B. take in extracellular fluid.
- C. use a chemical pump.
- D. convert mitochondria.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pinocytosis is a process by which the cell wall makes an indentation allowing extracellular fluid to fill in, then encloses it into the cell.
Which is the function of epithelial membranes?
- A. Secretes mucus, lines ends of bones, and lines bursae.
- B. Lines ends of bones, secretes synovial fluid, and lines internal surfaces of organs.
- C. Covers the wall of lower digestive tract, secretes mucus, and lines lungs, peritoneum, and pericardium.
- D. Lines lungs, peritoneum, and pericardium, and secretes synovial fluid.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The epithelial membrane secretes mucus, lines the lungs, peritoneum, and pericardium, and covers the wall of the lower digestive tract. The synovial membrane secretes synovial fluid to prevent friction between joints and the ends of bones, and lines the bursae found between moving body parts.
Which are the distinct surface proteins of the plasma membrane essential in determining?
- A. Tissue typing
- B. Blood count
- C. Effectiveness of a drug
- D. Sexual maturity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The plasma membrane has distinct surface proteins as coming from one individual. This is the basis for the procedure of tissue typing to determine compatibility before an organ transplant.