Nokea
When the nurse assesses an arm in proximal to distal order, the assessment is performed in which manner?
- A. From the shoulder to the fingers.
- B. From the front to the back.
- C. From the fingers to the center of the body.
- D. From the center of the body to the fingers.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Proximal is nearest the origin of the structure. Distal is farthest from the origin of the structure.
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Which are characteristics of visceral muscles?
- A. Involuntary
- B. Smooth
- C. Striated
- D. Independent from the spinal cord
- E. Voluntary
- F. Present in the blood vessels
Correct Answer: A,B,F
Rationale: Smooth muscles are smooth, involuntary,and respond to messages from the spinal cord."
Which organs can be found in the dorsal cavity?
- A. Descending colon
- B. Kidneys
- C. Gallbladder
- D. Brain
- E. Pancreas
- F. Spinal cavities
Correct Answer: D,F
Rationale: ,The dorsal cavity is composed of the brain and the spinal cavities. The spinal cavities hold the cord and the meninges."
Which is the function of epithelial membranes?
- A. Secretes mucus, lines ends of bones, and lines bursae.
- B. Lines ends of bones, secretes synovial fluid, and lines internal surfaces of organs.
- C. Covers the wall of lower digestive tract, secretes mucus, and lines lungs, peritoneum, and pericardium.
- D. Lines lungs, peritoneum, and pericardium, and secretes synovial fluid.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The epithelial membrane secretes mucus, lines the lungs, peritoneum, and pericardium, and covers the wall of the lower digestive tract. The synovial membrane secretes synovial fluid to prevent friction between joints and the ends of bones, and lines the bursae found between moving body parts.
Which are among the 11 body systems?
- A. Lymphatic
- B. Cellular
- C. Digestive
- D. Reproductive
- E. Accessory
- F. Spinal cord
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: There are 11 body systems: integumentary respiratory,skeletal,digestive, muscular,nervous,endocrine,urinary, reproductive, cardiovascular,and lymphatic."
Caudal is defined as toward which direction?
- A. head
- B. feet
- C. tail
- D. chest
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Caudal is a directional word that indicates toward the 'tail,' the distal portion of the spine.