Nokea
How does urine flow through the urethra?
- A. Continuously
- B. Only when the bladder is completely full
- C. Under voluntary control of sphincter muscles
- D. A combination of B and C
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Urine flows through the urethra under voluntary control of sphincter muscles. These muscles can be consciously contracted or relaxed to control the flow of urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. Choice A is incorrect as urine flow is not continuous but rather regulated. Choice B is incorrect because urine flow is not restricted to only when the bladder is completely full. Choice D is incorrect as it inaccurately combines the two incorrect statements of choices B and C.
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How does the human eye focus light?
- A. Cornea
- B. Iris
- C. Lens
- D. Retina
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The human eye focuses light by adjusting the shape of its lens. The lens changes shape to allow the eye to focus on objects at different distances, a process known as accommodation. The cornea is the transparent outer covering of the eye that helps to focus light but does not change shape like the lens. The iris controls the size of the pupil to regulate the amount of light entering the eye. The retina is the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye that receives and processes images but does not adjust the focus of light.
A person pushes a box across a floor with a constant force. The box eventually comes to a stop due to friction. What happens to the work done by the person?
- A. It increases as the box moves further.
- B. It decreases as the box slows down.
- C. It remains constant throughout the motion.
- D. It becomes zero once the box stops.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Work done is defined as the product of the force applied and the distance moved in the direction of the force. In this scenario, when the box comes to a stop, the displacement becomes zero, leading to zero work done by the person. Choice A is incorrect as the work done is not increasing, but rather decreasing as the box slows down. Choice B is incorrect because the work done does not decrease as the box slows down; it becomes zero when the box stops. Choice C is incorrect as the work done is not constant but decreases to zero when the box stops.
Which property of a substance refers to its ability to be stretched into thin wires without breaking?
- A. Conductivity
- B. Viscosity
- C. Ductility
- D. Malleability
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ductility is the property of a substance that allows it to be stretched into thin wires without breaking. This property is distinct from the other options provided. Conductivity refers to the ability to conduct electricity or heat, viscosity refers to a liquid's resistance to flow, and malleability refers to the ability of a substance to be hammered or rolled into thin sheets. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Ductility.'
What is the primary hormone released by the parathyroid glands?
- A. Insulin
- B. Calcitonin
- C. Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
- D. Thyroxine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The primary hormone released by the parathyroid glands is parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH plays a crucial role in regulating calcium and phosphorus levels in the body by increasing calcium levels in the blood through various mechanisms, such as promoting calcium release from bones and increasing calcium absorption in the intestines. Insulin is produced by the pancreas and regulates blood sugar levels, calcitonin is produced by the thyroid gland and helps lower blood calcium levels, and thyroxine is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland that regulates metabolism. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they are not the primary hormone released by the parathyroid glands.
Which of the following is NOT a type of epithelium?
- A. Stratified squamous
- B. Simple cuboidal
- C. Stratified columnar
- D. Pseudostratified columnar
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Pseudostratified columnar. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium is not a type of epithelium. It is a specialized form of simple columnar epithelium. Stratified squamous, simple cuboidal, and stratified columnar are all types of epithelial tissues found in the human body. Stratified squamous epithelium is found in the skin, mouth, and esophagus; simple cuboidal epithelium lines kidney tubules and glands; stratified columnar epithelium is present in parts of the respiratory tract and male urethra.