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How many independent variables can you have in an experiment:
- A. 3
- B. 2
- C. 1
- D. As many as you want
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Experiments can have multiple independent variables, limited by design complexity and control.
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Professional codes of ethics tend to be constructed on which type of ethical theory?
- A. Utilitarianism: seeking outcomes maximizing positive & minimizing negative change
- B. Virtue theory: considers the motives and intentions of the actor
- C. Ethical decision making model: steps to make an ethical decision
- D. Duty theory: concerned with truth, fairness and keeping promises, vs. consequences
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Duty theory underpins many codes, emphasizing obligations like confidentiality and fairness.
All of the following are suggested ways of enhancing/developing one's self-esteem except
- A. Take action to become aware of your personal strengths
- B. Minimize settings and interactions that detract from your feelings of competence
- C. Talk and socialize frequently with people who boost your self-esteem
- D. All of these are ways to enhance one's self-esteem
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All listed options are valid strategies to enhance self-esteem (Rosenberg).
A -..---disorder is when the quality of the voice changes as it travels through the different-shaped spaces of the throat, nose, and mouth:
- A. Speech sound disorder
- B. Speech disorder
- C. Voice disorder
- D. Resonance Disorders
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Resonance disorders affect voice quality due to nasal or oral cavity issues.
The most common framework for examining the 'how' of group formation was developed by Bruce Tuckman in the
- A. 1960s
- B. 1970s
- C. 1980s
- D. 1990s
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tuckman introduced his group development model in 1965, refined in the 1970s.
Which nursing diagnosis would likely apply to both patients with paranoid schizophrenia and patients with amphetamine-induced psychosis?
- A. Powerlessness
- B. Disturbed thought processes
- C. Ineffective thermoregulation
- D. Impaired oral mucous membrane
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Disturbed thought processes. Both patients with paranoid schizophrenia and amphetamine-induced psychosis commonly experience altered thinking patterns, hallucinations, and delusions. This nursing diagnosis addresses the cognitive disruptions present in both conditions.
Incorrect choices:
A: Powerlessness - This diagnosis refers to a lack of control over one's life situation, which may not be a primary concern for these patients.
C: Ineffective thermoregulation - This diagnosis relates to the body's ability to maintain temperature, which is not typically affected in these conditions.
D: Impaired oral mucous membrane - This diagnosis is related to issues with the mouth's lining and is not typically associated with paranoid schizophrenia or amphetamine-induced psychosis.