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How many kcal/g does 1 g of alcohol provide?
- A. 4 kcal/g
- B. 5 kcal/g
- C. 6 kcal/g
- D. 7 kcal/g
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Alcohol provides 7 kcal/g of energy.
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The patient complains to the nurse that he feels terrible since he has been taking several different kinds of vitamin preparations. What should the nurse assess for indications of vitamin toxicity?
- A. Edema
- B. Hypertension
- C. Fatigue
- D. Diarrhea
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Toxicity usually occurs from the use of large supplemental doses of vitamins and minerals and presents as fatigue, nausea, vomiting, and headache.
What is a nursing intervention to decrease the thirst of a patient who is on a fluid restriction?
- A. Rinsing the mouth with warm water
- B. Sipping carbonated drinks
- C. Sucking on occasional ice chips
- D. Limiting tooth brushing to once per day
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sucking on occasional ice chips is a way to decrease thirst without adding a large amount of fluid. Rinsing the mouth with cool water and frequent tooth brushing are helpful also. Carbonated drinks contain sodium and will enhance fluid retention.
The body mass index (BMI) of a man 6 ft tall weighing 250 lb is __.
Correct Answer: 33.9
Rationale: The BMI is calculated by dividing the pounds expressed as kilograms by the height in meters squared. 6 ft = 72 in ÷ 39.37 = 1.83 m, 250 lb ÷ 2.2 = 113.6 kg, 113.6 ÷ (1.83 ? 1.83) = 33.9
A patient who has hypertension is complaining about the lack of taste with the low-sodium diet that has been prescribed. What should the nurse emphasize that sodium may do?
- A. Contribute to hypertension.
- B. Interfere with blood clotting.
- C. Produce stomach ulcers.
- D. Decrease calcium in the bones.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sodium may contribute to hypertension.
The body uses 22 common amino acids but 9 of them must be obtained from protein in the diet. What are these proteins considered?
- A. Essential
- B. Basic
- C. Fundamental
- D. Primary
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Essential amino acids must be consumed in the diet, because the body cannot make them.