Biology HESI A2 2024

Biology HESI A2 2024 Related

Review Biology HESI A2 2024 related questions and content

How should a researcher test the hypothesis that eating chocolate leads to acne in teenagers?

  • A. Take 100 teenagers and feed each one a different amount of chocolate daily for 60 days; then test for acne.
  • B. Take 100 teenagers and feed 50 two bars of chocolate daily for 60 days while the other 50 eat no chocolate; then test for acne.
  • C. Take 1 teenager and feed him or her two bars of chocolate for 30 days and no chocolate for 30 days; then test for acne.
  • D. Take 100 teenagers and feed them no chocolate for 30 days and two bars of chocolate apiece for 30 days; then test for acne.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Option B is the correct approach to test the hypothesis that eating chocolate leads to acne in teenagers. This method involves having a control group (50 teenagers not consuming chocolate) and an experimental group (50 teenagers consuming two bars of chocolate daily), which allows for comparison. By having two distinct groups, researchers can assess the impact of chocolate consumption on acne development. Option A lacks a control group for comparison, making it harder to attribute any observed effects specifically to chocolate consumption. Option C only involves a single subject, which limits the generalizability of the results. Option D, where all teenagers experience both conditions, does not allow for a direct comparison between chocolate consumption and acne development, as all subjects are exposed to both conditions.

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Why are bacteria and blue-green algae often classified together?

  • A. Both are gymnosperms.
  • B. Both are prokaryotes.
  • C. Both are autotrophs.
  • D. Both are pathogens.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Bacteria and blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) are often classified together because they are both prokaryotes. Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that lack a membrane-bound nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. This characteristic distinguishes them from eukaryotic organisms, which have these membrane-bound structures. Choice A is incorrect because gymnosperms are seed-producing plants with naked seeds, not bacteria or blue-green algae. Choice C is incorrect because being an autotroph (able to produce its own food) is not a reason for classifying them together. Choice D is incorrect because not all bacteria and blue-green algae are pathogens; many of them are beneficial or neutral to other organisms.

In a strand of DNA, you would expect to see adenine paired with ___________.

  • A. cytosine
  • B. uracil
  • C. thymine
  • D. guanine
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In a strand of DNA, adenine always pairs with thymine through two hydrogen bonds. This pairing is a fundamental aspect of DNA structure, where adenine and thymine complement each other in the double helix. Choice A (cytosine) is incorrect because adenine does not pair with cytosine in DNA. Choice B (uracil) is incorrect as uracil is found in RNA, not DNA. Choice D (guanine) is incorrect as guanine pairs with cytosine, not adenine, in DNA.

Which is not a step in the water cycle?

  • A. Condensation
  • B. Transpiration
  • C. Nitrification
  • D. Absorption
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Nitrification is a biological process in the nitrogen cycle where ammonia is converted into nitrites and then nitrates by bacteria. It is not a step in the water cycle. The water cycle involves processes like evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and transpiration that are related to the movement and transformation of water in the environment. Choices A, B, and D are all part of the water cycle: condensation is the process where water vapor turns into liquid water, transpiration is the release of water vapor by plants, and absorption refers to the process of water being taken in by soil or other materials.

In an example of a male with hemophilia and a female carrier, what ratio of the offspring is predicted to have the disease?

  • A. 0 female : 2 males
  • B. 1 female : 0 males
  • C. 1 female : 2 males
  • D. 2 females : 1 male
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the male offspring will inherit the hemophilia trait from their mother due to the sex-linked inheritance pattern. The female offspring will inherit one X chromosome from their mother, becoming carriers of hemophilia. Therefore, the predicted ratio of offspring with the disease would be 1 female as a carrier and 2 males with hemophilia. Choice A is incorrect because there would be male offspring with the disease. Choice B is incorrect as there would be male offspring with hemophilia. Choice D is incorrect as it does not reflect the inheritance pattern of hemophilia.

The scientific name for a house cat is Felis catus. This indicates the house cat's ___________ and ___________.

  • A. kingdom; family
  • B. order; subspecies
  • C. phylum; class
  • D. genus; species
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The scientific name for an organism consists of its genus and species. In this case, 'Felis' refers to the genus, while 'catus' refers to the species, thus indicating the house cat's genus and species as Felis catus. Therefore, the correct answer is 'D.' Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because a scientific name does not include information about the kingdom, family, order, subspecies, phylum, or class of an organism.

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