Nokea
Identify three factors and describe how they will increase an individual's water needs.
- A. Physical activity
- B. Hot weather
- C. Illness (e.g., fever)
- D. Pregnancy
- E. Lactation
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Physical activity increases water loss through sweat; hot weather increases hydration needs; illness like fever causes fluid loss.
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What is the minimum amount of water that should be ingested by the average adult in a 24 -hour period?
- A. 240 mL
- B. A half-liter
- C. 1440 mL
- D. 3 liters
- E. 6 cups
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: 1440 mL (about 1.5 liters) is the minimum recommended water intake for an average adult, though needs vary.
Most absorption of nutrients occurs in the
- A. Duodenum and jejunum.
- B. Stomach.
- C. Ileum.
- D. Ascending colon.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The duodenum and jejunum have a large surface area due to villi, making them primary sites for nutrient absorption.
The estimated calorie requirements established in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2015-2020, are based on which of the following?
- A. Age, gender, and activity
- B. Weight and percentage of body fat
- C. Weight and height
- D. An average of all sizes and ages
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Calorie needs are tailored to age, gender, and activity level for personalized recommendations.
What foods will you teach the patient are high in iron?
- A. Vegetables
- B. Red meats
- C. Fruits
- D. Fish
- E. Poultry
- F. Grains
- G. Beans
Correct Answer: B,D,E,G
Rationale: Red meats, fish, poultry, and beans are rich in iron, providing heme (animal-based) and non-heme (plant-based) iron.
How can increasing the fiber intake in one's diet lead to a reduced caloric intake?
- A. Fiber promotes satiety, reducing overall food intake.
- B. Fiber binds to calories, preventing absorption.
- C. Fiber speeds up metabolism, burning more calories.
- D. Fiber replaces high-calorie foods in the diet.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fiber increases feelings of fullness, leading to reduced food consumption and lower caloric intake.