Nokea
If a cell has 46 chromosomes at the beginning of mitosis, determine the number of chromatids at
- B. 23 chromatids
- C. 46 chromatids
- D. 92 chromatids
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 92 chromatids. In mitosis, each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids. Since the cell begins with 46 chromosomes, there are a total of 92 chromatids present. This is because each chromosome duplicates during the S phase of interphase, resulting in two identical sister chromatids held together by a centromere. Therefore, the total number of chromatids in the cell at the beginning of mitosis is twice the number of chromosomes. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not account for the duplication of chromatids that occurs during the cell cycle.
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Bones that form the roof and the upper part of the sides of the cranium
- A. Frontal bone
- B. Temporal bone
- C. Parietal bone
- D. Occipital bone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Parietal bone. The parietal bone forms the roof and upper part of the sides of the cranium. It articulates with other bones, such as the frontal, temporal, and occipital bones, to create the structure of the skull. The frontal bone (A) forms the forehead, the temporal bone (B) is located on the sides of the skull, and the occipital bone (D) forms the back and base of the skull. Therefore, the parietal bone is the only bone among the choices that specifically fits the description of forming the roof and upper part of the sides of the cranium.
A client has been advised to use a pessary to provide support to the uterus. The nurse educates the client about pessary management and the precautions related to its use. In which of the following situations should the client report to the physician?
- A. Regarding a Pap test of the client
- B. Regarding the maintenance of a pessary
- C. When a white or yellow discharge from the vagina develops
- D. Regarding a culture and sensitivity test of vagina
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Abnormal discharge can indicate infection or other complications requiring medical attention.
What hormone(s) stimulates the growth of the endometrium during the proliferative phase of the uterine (menstrual) cycle?
- A. Estrogens
- B. Progesterones
- C. Insulin
- D. Testosterone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Estrogens stimulate growth of the endometrium during the proliferative phase by promoting cell proliferation and thickening of the endometrial lining. Estrogens also increase blood flow to the endometrium. Progesterone, on the other hand, prepares the endometrium for implantation and supports pregnancy, but does not directly stimulate growth during the proliferative phase. Insulin and testosterone do not have direct roles in stimulating endometrial growth during this phase.
A 67-year-old man who was admitted for a transurethral resection and fulguration of a stage A bladder tumor is ready for discharge. In his discharge teaching plan the nurse should reinforce the importance of his physician for
- A. periodic cystoscopies
- B. headaches
- C. routine urinalysis
- D. increased daily urinary output
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Periodic cystoscopies are important to monitor for recurrence of bladder tumors.
Inhibin is
- A. is secreted by Sertoli cells to inhibit follicle stimulation hormone from the anterior pituitary.
- B. is secreted by the anterior pituitary to inhibit testosterone secretion.
- C. is secreted by Sertoli cells to inhibit testosterone secretion
- D. is secreted Leydig cells to inhibit Sertoli cells
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Inhibin is secreted by Sertoli cells to inhibit follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary. This is the correct answer because inhibin acts as a negative feedback mechanism to regulate FSH levels in the body. Sertoli cells are specifically involved in spermatogenesis and play a crucial role in regulating FSH secretion through inhibin. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because inhibin does not inhibit testosterone secretion or act on Leydig cells. It specifically targets FSH secretion to regulate the process of spermatogenesis.