Nokea
Regarding gross anatomy of the female reproductive system
- A. Ovarian vessels located in ovarian ligament
- B. Anteverted- anteflexed is the normal position of the uterus
- C. Pouch of douglas separated uterus from rectum
- D. Pulsation of uterine artery can be palpated at the posterior fornix of vagina
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the pulsation of the uterine artery can indeed be palpated at the posterior fornix of the vagina. This is an important anatomical landmark used in gynecological examinations.
A: The ovarian vessels are located in the suspensory ligament of the ovary, not the ovarian ligament.
B: The normal position of the uterus is anteverted and anteflexed.
C: The Pouch of Douglas is a potential space between the uterus and rectum, not a structure that physically separates them.
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What hormone(s) stimulates the growth of the endometrium during the proliferative phase of the uterine (menstrual) cycle?
- A. Estrogens
- B. Progesterones
- C. Insulin
- D. Testosterone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Estrogens stimulate growth of the endometrium during the proliferative phase by promoting cell proliferation and thickening of the endometrial lining. Estrogens also increase blood flow to the endometrium. Progesterone, on the other hand, prepares the endometrium for implantation and supports pregnancy, but does not directly stimulate growth during the proliferative phase. Insulin and testosterone do not have direct roles in stimulating endometrial growth during this phase.
Which hormone causes the uterus to increase glycogen?
- A. progesterone
- B. FSH
- C. LH
- D. estrogen
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Progesterone is the correct answer because it is responsible for preparing the uterus for potential implantation by increasing glycogen levels. Progesterone promotes the growth of blood vessels and glands in the uterus, leading to increased glycogen production. FSH and LH are involved in the menstrual cycle and ovulation but do not directly impact glycogen levels in the uterus. Estrogen plays a role in the growth and thickening of the endometrial lining but does not specifically stimulate glycogen production.
A chancre usually appears on the external genitalia in which of the following condition:
- A. Syphilis
- B. Gonorrhea
- C. Trichomoniasis
- D. Herpes genitalis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: A chancre is a painless ulcer that is characteristic of primary syphilis infection. It usually appears on the external genitalia as a result of Treponema pallidum infection. This is distinct from the other conditions listed: Gonorrhea presents with urethritis and discharge, Trichomoniasis with vaginal discharge and irritation, and Herpes genitalis with painful vesicles or ulcers. Syphilis is the only condition among the choices that typically presents with a chancre on the external genitalia.
The primary germ layer that gives rise
- A. areolar glands to the mucosae and associated glands
- B. lacrimal glands is the ________.
- C. sweat glands
- D. ectoderm
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: ectoderm. The primary germ layer that gives rise to structures like the lacrimal glands is the ectoderm, which is one of the three primary germ layers during embryonic development. The ectoderm gives rise to tissues such as the epidermis of the skin, nervous system, and various glands including lacrimal glands. Choice A, areolar glands to the mucosae and associated glands, is incorrect as they are derived from the mesoderm. Choice C, sweat glands, is also incorrect as they are derived from the ectoderm but are not the primary germ layer responsible for lacrimal glands. Choice B, lacrimal glands is the _______, is incorrect as it does not provide a complete statement and is not a primary germ layer.
Structurally, the ovary displays:
- A. on the outside, an elastic tissue;
- B. on the surface, the glandular parenchyma;
- C. the cortical area, which contains ovarian follicles;
- D. the medullar area, which contains blood vessels;
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: The ovary is a complex organ with distinct internal structures.
Step 2: The ovarian cortex houses ovarian follicles, which are crucial for reproductive functions.
Step 3: Ovarian follicles contain oocytes and support cells for oocyte development.
Step 4: Therefore, choice C is correct as it accurately describes the structural aspect of the ovary.
Summary: Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately describe the structural components of the ovary. Choice A talks about elastic tissue, choice B mentions glandular parenchyma, and choice D refers to blood vessels, none of which are specific to the structural arrangement of the ovary.