Nokea
If the measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella (MMRV) combined vaccine is ordered to be given as the first MMR and varicella dose to a child the CDC recommends:
- A. Parents be informed of the increased risk of fever and febrile seizures over the MMR plus varicella two-shot regimen
- B. Patients must also receive MMRV as the second dose of MMR and varicella in order to build adequate immunity
- C. Patients be premedicated with acetaminophen 15 minutes before the vaccine is given
- D. Patients should not be around pregnant women for the first 48 hours after the vaccine is given
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: MMRV has higher fever/seizure risk vs. separate shots, per CDC; second dose isn't mandated as MMRV.
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A 57-year-old man was recently diagnosed with Type-2 diabetes mellitus and placed on a medication. He began having myalgias and feeling sick and later developed respiratory distress, so he went to the hospital. His pH was 7.2, and he had elevated blood lactate levels. Which drug is likely causing his problem?
- A. Acarbose
- B. Glyburide
- C. Metformin
- D. Pioglitazone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Metformin can cause lactic acidosis, a rare but serious side effect, presenting with low pH and elevated lactate levels.
Which of the following does albumin have the strongest affinity for?
- A. Anionic drugs
- B. Hydrophilic drugs
- C. Hydrophobic drugs
- D. A and C
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Albumin has the strongest affinity for hydrophobic drugs , which bind to its hydrophobic pockets, unlike hydrophilic drugs; anionic drugs may bind but less preferentially.
Which of the following is a primary benefit of the use of computerized provider order entry for patient medications?
- A. Reduces time that prescribing drugs takes
- B. Eliminates the need to chart drugs prescribed
- C. Decreases prescribing and transcription errors
- D. Helps keep the number of drugs prescribed to a minimum
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Computerized provider order entry reduces errors in prescribing and transcription.
Which of the following adverse effects of chronic high-dose prednisone administration represents a mineralocorticoid effect?
- A. Buffalo hump
- B. Easy bruising
- C. Edema
- D. Moon facies
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Edema is a mineralocorticoid effect of prednisone due to sodium and water retention.
The therapeutic goals when prescribing include(s):
- A. Curative
- B. Palliative
- C. Preventive
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Therapeutic goals can be curative, palliative, or preventive , depending on the patient's condition and needs.