Nokea
In assisting clients with vertigo and balance problems, which team members (RN, LPN/LVN, MD, physical therapist, nursing assistant), working under appropriate supervision, should be assigned to fulfill each task?
- A. Assess and identify the etiology of vertigo.
- B. Assist the client in routine position change and ambulation.
- C. Administer antivertigo agents, such as meclizine (Antivert).
- D. Obtain informed consent for a labyrinthectomy.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Assessment and identification of the etiology of vertigo require advanced clinical judgment, making this task appropriate for an RN or MD.
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A preoperative patient reveals that an uncle died during surgery because of a fever and cardiac arrest. Knowing the patient is at risk for malignant hyperthermia, the perioperative nurse alerts the surgical team. What is likely to happen next?
- A. The surgery will have to be cancelled.
- B. Specific precautions can be taken to safely anesthetize the patient.
- C. Dantrolene (Dantrium) must be given to prevent hyperthermia during surgery.
- D. The patient should be placed on a cooling blanket during the surgical procedure.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: With awareness of malignant hyperthermia risk, specific precautions ensure safe anesthesia administration.
Systolic hypertension and stroke are due to:
- A. Increased vascular stiffness related to structural changes
- B. Loss of peripheral vascular tone
- C. Buildup of soft plaque within the veins
- D. Changes within the basement membrane
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: As people age, arteries lose elasticity and become stiffer, leading to increased systolic blood pressure and higher risk of stroke.
Which team is the most appropriate for this assignment?
- A. An advanced practice nurse and an experienced LPN/LVN
- B. An experienced LPN/LVN and an inexperienced RN
- C. An experienced RN and an inexperienced RN
- D. An experienced RN and a nursing assistant
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An advanced practice nurse has the expertise to assess and manage complex cases, while an experienced LPN/LVN can assist with triage tasks.
What does cromolyn sodium act to do?
- A. Combat respiratory infection
- B. Constrict smooth muscle in the bronchial tree
- C. Prevent the release of histamine
- D. Terminate an asthmatic attack
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cromolyn sodium inhibits mast cell degranulation, preventing histamine release.
A client with asthma has developed viral pharyngitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Petechiae on the chest and abdomen
- B. WBC 16,000/mm3
- C. Negative throat culture
- D. Severe hyperemia of pharyngeal mucosa
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, negative throat culture. In viral pharyngitis, the infection is caused by a virus, not bacteria. Therefore, a throat culture would be negative as it tests for bacterial infection. Option A is incorrect as petechiae are more commonly seen in conditions like meningococcal sepsis. Option B is incorrect as a WBC count of 16,000/mm3 is more indicative of a bacterial infection. Option D is incorrect as severe hyperemia of the pharyngeal mucosa is more typical of bacterial pharyngitis, not viral.