Nokea
In autism:
- A. Social interaction is normal
- B. Dopamine levels are reduced
- C. Genetic factors may play a role in aetiology
- D. Methylphenidate is used with benefit
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Genetic factors may play a role in aetiology: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has a strong genetic component, with numerous genes contributing to its development, although environmental factors may also play a role.
You may also like to solve these questions
Two days following abdominal surgery a client begins to report cramping abdominal pain, and the nurse's inspection of the abdomen indicates slight distention. Which action should the nurse implement first?
- A. Encourage the client to ambulate
- B. Offer ice chips or warm liquids
- C. Auscultate the client's abdomen
- D. Assess the client's temperature
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Auscultating the abdomen will help determine if there are any signs of bowel obstruction or ileus, which can cause the distension.
Concerning Ebstein-Barr virus (infectious mononucleosis):
- A. Presence of petechiae between the hard and soft palate supports the diagnosis
- B. Typically a rash following administration of penicillin V occurs
- C. Guillain-Barre syndrome is a recognised sequel
- D. Hepatitis is common
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Petechiae between the hard and soft palate are a classic sign of infectious mononucleosis. A rash following penicillin V is also common, and Guillain-Barre syndrome is a rare complication.
Renal childhood diseases responsible for chronic hypertension include
- A. nephrotic syndrome
- B. hemolytic uremic syndrome
- C. acute tubular necrosis
- D. congenital dysplastic kidney
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Congenital dysplastic kidney is a common cause of chronic hypertension in children.
Regarding malaria:
- A. Plasmodium ovale has an exoerythrocytic cycle
- B. Plasmodium malariae does not occur after 5 years of primary illness
- C. Chloroquine is useful for prophylaxis of falciparum malaria in all areas of the world
- D. Primaquine is used to eradicate falciparum malaria
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Plasmodium ovale has both an exoerythrocytic (liver) and erythrocytic (blood) cycle, which is a characteristic of this species of malaria parasite.
A 3-year-old child diagnosed with congestive heart failure is receiving maintenance doses of digoxin and furosemide (Lasix). She is rubbing her eyes when she is looking at the lights in the room and her heart rate is 65 beats per minute. The nurse expects which laboratory finding?
- A. Hypokalemia
- B. Hypomagnesemia
- C. Hypocalcemia
- D. Hypophosphatemia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypokalemia is a common side effect of furosemide, a diuretic, and can exacerbate digoxin toxicity, which may present with symptoms such as visual disturbances and bradycardia.