Nokea
In fetal circulation, the pressure is greatest in the
- A. Left ventricle
- B. Right atrium
- C. Pulmonary artery
- D. Aorta
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Right atrium B has the highest pressure in fetal circulation due to venous return, per document 3.
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The best growth chart indicator in patients with acute malnutrition is:
- A. Body mass index (BMI)
- B. Body weight
- C. Weight-for-height
- D. Head circumference
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Weight-for-height best detects acute malnutrition (wasting), per WHO. BMI is less specific in kids, and B-D assess other aspects.
A 19-year-old pregnant mother likes all-night dance parties. She took methylenedioxymetamphetamine (MDMA 'X', Ecstasy) routinely before and during pregnancy. The most likely fetal defect is:
- A. Pulmonary
- B. Gastrointestinal
- C. CNS
- D. Cardiac
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: MDMA use in pregnancy is linked to cardiac defects , like septal defects, per studies (Teratology). A-C, E are less specific.
Which drug will you prepare for a child with convulsions in the ER?
- A. Ampicillin
- B. Chloroquine
- C. Hydrocortisone
- D. Phenobarbital
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Phenobarbital D is the anticonvulsant for seizures, per document 6.
A 3-month-old infant presents with tachypnea and poor feeding. Chest x-ray shows cardiomegaly and pulmonary edema. Most likely diagnosis is:
- A. Pneumonia
- B. Congestive heart failure
- C. Bronchiolitis
- D. Cystic fibrosis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: CHF shows cardiomegaly and edema, per AHA. A, C-E differ.
A child is diagnosed with hypoalbuminemia. Her total serum calcium level is normal. Most likely associated finding that may be missed is:
- A. Hypocalcemia
- B. Hypercalcuria
- C. Hypomagnesemia
- D. Hypercalcemia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypoalbuminemia lowers bound calcium; a normal total calcium suggests hypercalcemia in ionized form, often missed (UpToDate). A-C, E don’t fit.