Proctored Nutrition ATI

Proctored Nutrition ATI Related

Review Proctored Nutrition ATI related questions and content

In PEM, which condition is characterized by symptoms such as muscle weakness, hanging skin, delayed tooth eruption, and changes in saliva?

  • A. Marasmus
  • B. Kwashiorkor
  • C. Anemia
  • D. Noma
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is Marasmus. Marasmus is a severe form of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) that leads to muscle wasting, hanging skin, delayed growth, and changes in saliva. These symptoms are commonly seen in vulnerable populations such as children, homeless individuals, older adults, and substance abusers. Kwashiorkor, on the other hand, is characterized by edema, a distended belly, and skin lesions. Anemia is a condition characterized by a low red blood cell count, leading to fatigue and weakness. Noma is a severe infection affecting the face, particularly the mouth and jaw area.

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Much of the research investigating probiotics and intestinal illness has focused on the prevention and treatment of _____.

  • A. irritable bowel syndrome
  • B. Crohn's disease
  • C. diverticulitis
  • D. infectious diarrhea
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'D: infectious diarrhea.' Research has extensively explored the use of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of infectious diarrhea. Probiotics can aid in restoring the balance of gut flora, thereby reducing symptoms. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because while probiotics may have some benefits for these conditions, the primary focus of research in relation to probiotics and intestinal illness has been on infectious diarrhea.

What is the function of villi and microvilli in the GI tract?

  • A. produce bile
  • B. kill bacteria
  • C. produce vitamin K
  • D. increase the surface area for absorption
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Villi and microvilli in the GI tract serve to increase the surface area of the small intestine, aiding in the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as villi and microvilli are primarily involved in enhancing absorption, not in producing bile, killing bacteria, or producing vitamin K.

What food is most likely a source of trans fats in the diet?

  • A. red meat
  • B. peanut oil
  • C. corn chips
  • D. salmon
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: corn chips. Corn chips, especially those processed and fried, are a common source of trans fats, which are associated with an increased risk of heart disease. Red meat (choice A) and salmon (choice D) do not typically contain trans fats unless they are processed or cooked in trans fat-containing oils. Peanut oil (choice B) can be a healthier option compared to trans fat-containing oils.

Muscle weakness due to wasting would most likely be evaluated by which test?

  • A. recall of food intake
  • B. skinfold thickness
  • C. handgrip strength
  • D. red blood cell levels
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Handgrip strength is a reliable test to assess muscle function and detect muscle weakness due to wasting. It is often used to identify conditions like sarcopenia in clinical settings. Options A, B, and D are not suitable for evaluating muscle weakness. Food intake recall does not directly measure muscle function, skinfold thickness assesses body fat but not muscle strength, and red blood cell levels are unrelated to muscle wasting.

Where is Vitamin E commonly found?

  • A. produced by bacteria in the GI tract
  • B. synthesized by the body through sunlight exposure
  • C. associated with beriberi deficiency
  • D. present in vegetable oils
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Vitamin E is an antioxidant commonly found in sources like vegetable oils, nuts, seeds, and green leafy vegetables. It plays a crucial role in protecting cells from damage. Choices A and B are incorrect as Vitamin E is not produced by bacteria in the GI tract nor synthesized by sunlight exposure. Choice C is incorrect as beriberi is a deficiency of Vitamin B1 (thiamine), not Vitamin E.

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