Nokea
What describes a criterion used to diagnose diabetes?
- A. a plasma glucose concentration of 100 mg/dL or higher after a fast of at least 12 hours
- B. a casual blood sample of 200 mg/dL or higher in a person with classic symptoms
- C. a plasma glucose concentration measured two hours after a 200-gram glucose load is 400 mg/dL or higher
- D. a HbA1C higher than 5 percent
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A casual blood sample of 200 mg/dL or higher in a person with classic symptoms is a diagnostic criterion for diabetes. This choice aligns with the typical clinical presentation of diabetes and is a key diagnostic indicator. Choices A, C, and D do not accurately reflect the established criteria for diagnosing diabetes, making them incorrect. Choice A pertains to a fasting plasma glucose level, Choice C involves a glucose challenge test, and Choice D refers to HbA1C levels, which are used for monitoring blood sugar control over time, not for diagnosing diabetes.
You may also like to solve these questions
What food is most likely a source of trans fats in the diet?
- A. red meat
- B. peanut oil
- C. corn chips
- D. salmon
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: corn chips. Corn chips, especially those processed and fried, are a common source of trans fats, which are associated with an increased risk of heart disease. Red meat (choice A) and salmon (choice D) do not typically contain trans fats unless they are processed or cooked in trans fat-containing oils. Peanut oil (choice B) can be a healthier option compared to trans fat-containing oils.
What best describes a task of the registered dietitian?
- A. administering total parenteral nutrition
- B. administering formula through feeding tubes
- C. prescribing diet orders
- D. conducting nutrition assessments
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, conducting nutrition assessments. Registered dietitians are responsible for assessing an individual's nutritional status, dietary intake, and health needs. This assessment forms the basis for developing personalized nutrition care plans. Choices A and B involve the administration of specialized nutrition support, which is typically done by healthcare providers with specific training in those areas. Choice C, prescribing diet orders, may fall outside the scope of practice for a dietitian as they focus more on assessment, education, and counseling related to nutrition rather than prescribing medical treatments.
Which mineral-containing amino acids help to form the shape of proteins?
- A. phosphorus
- B. sulfur
- C. selenium
- D. iron
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: sulfur. Sulfur-containing amino acids like cysteine and methionine play a crucial role in forming disulfide bonds within proteins. These bonds are essential for the proper folding and structural stability of proteins. Phosphorus (choice A), selenium (choice C), and iron (choice D) do not directly contribute to shaping proteins through bond formation.
Electrolytes create _____, which is caused by water following electrolytes within or between cells.
- A. energy
- B. active transport
- C. passive diffusion
- D. osmotic pressure
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Osmotic pressure is the force that drives water movement across cell membranes due to the presence of electrolytes, helping to balance fluid levels in the body. Choice A, 'energy,' is incorrect as electrolytes do not directly create energy. Choice B, 'active transport,' refers to the movement of molecules across a cell membrane requiring energy, not the movement of water. Choice C, 'passive diffusion,' is the process by which substances move from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration, not related to the movement of water following electrolytes.
High blood pressure is defined as systolic and diastolic measurements greater than or equal to:
- A. 140 mm Hg and 90 mm Hg, respectively
- B. 150 mm Hg and 80 mm Hg, respectively
- C. 160 mm Hg and 110 mm Hg, respectively
- D. 180 mm Hg and 120 mm Hg, respectively
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: High blood pressure, or hypertension, is typically defined as having a systolic pressure of 140 mm Hg or higher and/or a diastolic pressure of 90 mm Hg or higher. Therefore, the correct answer is A. Choice B is incorrect because it suggests a higher systolic measurement than the standard definition. Choice C is incorrect as it provides an even higher systolic measurement and a much higher diastolic measurement. Choice D is also incorrect as it suggests extremely elevated blood pressure values, well above the typical definition of hypertension.