Nokea
In the 1960s, smallpox was endemic:
- A. In many developing countries
- B. In North America
- C. In England
- D. Globally
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: In many developing countries. Smallpox was indeed endemic in many developing countries in the 1960s, causing significant morbidity and mortality. This is supported by historical records and epidemiological data from that time period. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because smallpox was not endemic in North America, England, or globally during the 1960s. Smallpox eradication efforts led to the global eradication of the disease in 1980, but in the 1960s, it was still prevalent in many developing countries.
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The nurse is presenting a community education program related to cancer prevention. Based on current cancer death rates, the nurse emphasizes what as the most important preventive action for both women and men?
- A. Smoking cessation
- B. Routine colonoscopies
- C. Protection from ultraviolet light
- D. Regular examination of reproductive organs
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Smoking cessation is the most significant preventive action because smoking is a leading cause of preventable cancer deaths.
Which statement indicates that the patient needs further instruction about application of ice to a sprain?
- A. "I know this ice will reduce the swelling."
- B. "I will keep the ice on this knee for the rest of the day."
- C. "I will use the ice as you have directed for 24 hours."
- D. "I can elevate my leg and use ice to reduce swelling."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because keeping ice on the knee for the rest of the day can lead to skin damage or frostbite. Choice A is correct as it acknowledges the purpose of ice in reducing swelling. Choice C shows understanding of using ice as directed. Choice D indicates proper understanding of combining elevation with ice for swelling reduction.
A segment of DNA that reads the same from forward and backward is called_____.
- A. Complementary DNA
- B. Palindromic DNA
- C. Copy DNA
- D. Transcribed DNA
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Palindromic DNA. Palindromic DNA refers to a segment of DNA that reads the same from both directions. This property occurs when the nucleotide sequence on one strand of DNA is the reverse complement of the nucleotide sequence on the other strand. This symmetry allows the DNA sequence to be read the same forward and backward.
Incorrect choices:
A: Complementary DNA - Complementary DNA refers to a synthesized DNA strand that is complementary to a given DNA sequence.
C: Copy DNA - Copy DNA is not a commonly used term in molecular biology.
D: Transcribed DNA - Transcribed DNA refers to DNA that has been converted into RNA through the process of transcription, not DNA that reads the same forward and backward.
What are the important functions of cell-mediated immunity (select all that apply)?
- A. Fungal infections
- B. Transfusion reactions
- C. Rejection of transplanted tissues
- D. Immunity against pathogens that survive outside cells
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cell-mediated immunity targets intracellular pathogens, such as viruses and fungi, and is critical in transplant rejection and certain hypersensitivity reactions.
CD8+ T cells
- A. Have cytotoxic function
- B. Recognize antigen in the context of MHC I molecules
- C. Can kill virus-infected cells
- D. Can kill tumor cells
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: I apologize, but the question you provided does not have a correct answer option listed. Could you please provide the correct answer option for me to provide a detailed explanation of why it is correct and summarize why the other choices are incorrect?