Nokea
In the immediate postpartal period, a woman's gastric motility is generally
- A. within normal limits
- B. increased
- C. decreased
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gastric motility decreases postpartum, affecting digestion and absorption.
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To prevent contamination and encourage drying of the umbilical cord stump, caregivers should be advised to
- A. give the newborn daily tub baths
- B. pull on the cord stump daily
- C. fold diapers down to avoid covering the cord stump
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Keeping the cord stump exposed to air promotes drying and reduces infection risk.
Why might salpingitis cause infertility?
- A. The ovaries will not produce an ovum.
- B. It can cause obstruction of the lumen and marked dilation at the end of the uterine tube, preventing the ovum from entering the uterine tube.
- C. The uterus is prevented from forming a protective sac for the ovum.
- D. It causes a decrease in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), which is needed to release the ovum from the ovaries.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Salpingitis can cause obstruction of the uterine tube, preventing the ovum from entering and leading to infertility.
Sticky, greenish black stool is considered characteristic of
- A. a newborn infant
- B. a breastfed infant
- C. a formula fed infant
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Meconium, the first stool of a newborn, is sticky and greenish-black.
Dichorionic-diamniotic twins result from separation of embryonic cells at the:
- A. Four-cell stage
- B. Blastocyst stage
- C. Implantation stage
- D. Trilaminar disc stage
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Four-cell stage. Dichorionic-diamniotic twins occur when the embryo splits into two separate embryos very early in development, typically at the four-cell stage. At this stage, each embryo will have its own chorion and amnion, leading to separate placentas and amniotic sacs. Choices B, C, and D occur later in development and do not result in the formation of two separate embryos with their own chorion and amnion, making them incorrect for the scenario of dichorionic-diamniotic twins.
The bone cell type that breaks down the bone matrix is:
- A. Osteocytes
- B. Osteoclasts
- C. Osteoblasts
- D. Osteoprogenitor
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Osteoclasts. Osteoclasts are bone cells responsible for breaking down the bone matrix through a process called bone resorption. They secrete enzymes and acids that dissolve the mineralized matrix, allowing for bone remodeling and repair. Osteocytes (A) are mature bone cells that help maintain bone tissue. Osteoblasts (C) are responsible for bone formation by synthesizing new bone matrix. Osteoprogenitor cells (D) are undifferentiated cells that can differentiate into osteoblasts. Therefore, the correct answer is B as osteoclasts specifically break down the bone matrix.