Nokea
In the investigation of an epidemic, you compare the present frequency of the disease with the usual frequency at this time of the year in this community. This is done during which stage of the investigation?
- A. Establishing the epidemic
- B. Testing the hypothesis
- C. Formulation of the hypothesis
- D. Appraisal of facts
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Establishing the epidemic. During this stage, comparing the present disease frequency with the usual frequency helps determine if there is a significant increase, indicating an epidemic. This step is crucial for recognizing and confirming the outbreak. Testing the hypothesis (B) comes after the epidemic is established. Formulation of the hypothesis (C) involves developing a theory based on observations, not comparing frequencies. Appraisal of facts (D) occurs after data collection, not during the initial comparison.
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Which principle is CONTRARY to planning a home visit?
- A. A home visit should have a clear purpose or objective
- B. The plan should be centered around the family's health needs
- C. A home visit should strictly follow RHU guidelines
- D. Involving a responsible family member in continuing care planning is essential
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because strictly following RHU guidelines can limit flexibility and personalized care. A: Having a clear purpose is essential for effective home visits. B: Centering the plan around family's health needs promotes patient-centered care. D: Involving a responsible family member enhances care continuity and family engagement. Therefore, C is contrary to effective home visit planning.
According to C.E. Winslow, what is the goal of Public Health?
- A. For people to attain their birthrights and longevity
- B. For the promotion of health and prevention of diseases
- C. For people to have access to basic health services
- D. For people to be organized in their health efforts
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: For people to attain their birthrights and longevity. This goal emphasizes the fundamental rights of individuals to live a healthy and fulfilling life, aligning with Winslow's vision of public health as a means to ensure all people can achieve their full potential. Choice B focuses on disease prevention only, neglecting the broader aspects of well-being. Choice C is limited to access to services, overlooking the holistic nature of public health. Choice D is too narrow, as organizational efforts are just one aspect of public health, not the overarching goal.
Which of the following is an epidemiologic function of the nurse during an epidemic?
- A. Conducting assessments of suspected cases to detect communicable diseases
- B. Monitoring the condition of cases affected by the communicable disease
- C. Participating in the investigation to determine the source of the epidemic
- D. Educating the community on preventive measures against the disease
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because participating in the investigation to determine the source of the epidemic is a key epidemiologic function of the nurse during an epidemic. This involves identifying the origin of the outbreak to implement targeted control measures and prevent further spread.
A is incorrect because while conducting assessments is important, it is not a specific epidemiologic function related to determining the source of an epidemic. B is incorrect as monitoring cases focuses on individual care rather than epidemiologic investigation. D is incorrect as educating the community, while important, is not directly related to determining the source of the epidemic.
The public health nurse takes an active role in community participation. What is the primary goal of community organizing?
- A. To educate the people regarding community health problems
- B. To mobilize the people to resolve community health problems
- C. To maximize the community's resources in dealing with health problems
- D. To develop the people's self-reliance in dealing with health problems
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: To maximize the community's resources in dealing with health problems. Community organizing aims to empower communities by utilizing their existing resources effectively. This approach fosters sustainable solutions and encourages community members to take ownership of their health outcomes.
Explanation:
1. A: While education is important, the primary goal of community organizing is not solely to educate but to actively engage the community in problem-solving.
2. B: Mobilizing the community is a crucial step, but the ultimate goal is to maximize resources for long-term sustainability.
3. D: Developing self-reliance is a positive outcome, but the primary focus is on collective action and resource optimization to address health issues effectively.
What is an advantage of conducting a home visit?
- A. It enables the nurse to provide nursing care to a greater number of people
- B. It provides an opportunity to conduct a firsthand appraisal of the home situation
- C. It allows sharing of experiences among people with similar health problems
- D. It fosters the family's initiative in providing for the health needs of its members
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because conducting a home visit allows the nurse to assess the patient's living environment, identify potential health hazards, and understand the patient's home situation, which can influence their health. This firsthand appraisal helps tailor care plans to the individual's needs, ensuring better outcomes.
Choice A is incorrect because home visits typically involve personalized care for individual patients, not a greater number of people. Choice C is incorrect as it refers to group experiences rather than individual assessments during home visits. Choice D is incorrect as fostering family initiative is not the primary advantage of conducting a home visit; it is about assessing the home environment for better care planning.