In the WHO publication Mental Health Gap Action Programme Intervention Guide (mhGAP-IG) there were 11 topics on mental, neurological and substance abuse problems which were selected? Which of the following is one of the basis that selection was made?
- A. High economic cost.
- B. High prevalence.
- C. High profile.
- D. Difficult to manage in primary care.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: High prevalence is a key criterion for selecting conditions in mhGAP-IG to address widespread needs.
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A wife believes her husband is having an affair. Lately, he has been disinterested in romance and working late. The husband has an important, demanding project at work. The mother asks her teen, What have you noticed about your father? The teen later mentions this to the father, who says, Tell your mother that I cant dea with her insecurities right now. Which family dynamic is evident?
- A. Multigenerational dysfunction
- B. Triangulation
- C. Enmeshment
- D. Blaming
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Triangulation is a family dynamic wherein a pair relationship (usually the parents) is under stress and copes by drawing in a third person (usually a child) to align with one or the other members of the pair relationship.Multigenerational dysfunction is any dysfunction that exists within or across multiple generations of a family, such as child abuse or alcoholism. Blaming is distracting attention from ones own dysfunction or reducing ones own anxiety by blaming another person. Enmeshment refers to blurred family boundaries or blending together of the thoughts, feelings, or family roles of the individuals so that clear distinctions among members fail to emerge.
Which of the following groups have been referred to as an 'invisible minority' within the health care system?
- A. Lesbians
- B. Illegal immigrants
- C. Muslims
- D. Native Americans
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lesbians are often called an 'invisible minority' due to underrecognition in health care.
Children develop a sense of initiative between
- A. 0-1 year
- B. 1-3 years
- C. 3-5 years
- D. 5-7 years
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Initiative vs. guilt (3-5 years, Erikson) fosters purpose.
Which of the following hormones has been implicated in the etiology of mood disorder with seasonal pattern?
- A. Increased levels of melatonin
- B. Decreased levels of oxytocin
- C. Decreased levels of prolactin
- D. Increased levels of thyrotropin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increased levels of melatonin, particularly in response to reduced daylight in seasonal affective disorder (SAD), have been implicated in mood disorders with a seasonal pattern, aligning with option a.
The child's ability to understand sequence develops during
- A. Sensorimotor
- B. Preoperational
- C. Concrete operational
- D. Formal operational
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sequencing events logically develops in the concrete operational stage (Piaget).
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