Nokea
Insulin-like growth factor-l (IGF-I):
- A. Increases during pubertal growth spurt
- B. Is a single polypeptide chain
- C. Is produced in pancreas
- D. Is secreted in a pulsatile manner
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: IGF-I levels rise significantly during the pubertal growth spurt, contributing to rapid growth and development.
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Cantwell criteria is used to diagnose
- A. Congenital tuberculosis
- B. Congenital syphilis
- C. Congenital rubella
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Cantwell criteria are used to diagnose congenital syphilis, based on clinical and laboratory findings.
The primary care pediatric nurse practitioner is performing a well child examination on a school-age child who had complete repair of a tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) defect in infancy. What is important in this child's health maintenance regime?
- A. Cardiology clearance for sports participation
- B. Restriction of physical activity to avoid pulmonary complications
- C. Sub-acute bacterial endocarditis prophylaxis precautions
- D. Teaching about management of hypercyanotic episodes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Children who have had TOF repair must be cleared by cardiology before participation in sports.
All the following statements about spontaneous coronary artery dissection are true, except
- A. More common in young females
- B. Proximal coronary involvement associated with immuno-inflammatory disease
- C. Intra-coronary imaging shows 'accordion sign'
- D. Physical stress precipitates it by causing intimal tear
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The 'accordion sign' is not typically associated with spontaneous coronary artery dissection.
The nurse is caring for a child with a diagnosis of Kawasaki disease. The child's parent asks the nurse, 'How does Kawasaki disease affect my child's heart and blood vessels?' On what understanding is the nurse's response based?
- A. Inflammation weakens blood vessels, leading to aneurysm.
- B. Increased lipid levels lead to the development of atherosclerosis.
- C. Untreated disease causes mitral valve stenosis.
- D. Altered blood flow increases cardiac workload with resulting heart failure.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Inflammation of vessels weakens the walls of the vessels and often results in aneurysm.
What are FOUR possible causes of left axis deviation in a newborn with features of Trisomy 21?
- A. AVSD
- B. Tricuspid atresia
- C. Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum
- D. Mechanical shift
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: AVSD is a common congenital heart defect associated with Trisomy 21 and can lead to left axis deviation seen on ECG.