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Julia is writing an essay about the influence of technology on interpersonal relationships. Which of the following sentences would NOT be a relevant supporting detail?
- A. Studies show that the more teenagers engage in social media, the less they engage with their peers.
- B. College students study and work on homework an average of 4-6 hours a day.
- C. Use of technology such as smartphones can lead to a lack of engagement in conversations.
- D. Some psychologists think that watching TV activates the same part of the brain as having an in-depth conversation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In an essay focusing on the impact of technology on interpersonal relationships, details about college students' study habits and homework workload are not directly related to the influence of technology on relationships. Choices A, C, and D are more relevant as they directly address the impact of technology, such as social media engagement, smartphone usage affecting conversations, and the comparison between TV-watching and brain activity during conversations.
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Which of the following is an example of revision?
- A. Typing the first draft of an essay
- B. Reading sentences for clarity and making necessary changes
- C. Creating a list of all sources used within the essay
- D. Mapping out possible topics and subtopics
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because revision involves reviewing and editing sentences for clarity and making necessary changes to improve the overall quality of the writing. Choice A is incorrect because typing the first draft is part of the drafting process, not revision. Choice C is incorrect as creating a list of sources is related to research and citation but not revision. Choice D is incorrect as mapping out topics and subtopics is typically done during the outlining or prewriting stages, not during the revision process.
What are the five basic elements of the writing process?
- A. Prewriting, drafting, conferencing, revision, editing
- B. Brainstorming, outlining, writing, peer-review, researching
- C. Researching, prewriting, writing, brainstorming, conferencing
- D. Prewriting, writing, revising, researching, proofreading
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Prewriting, drafting, conferencing, revision, editing. In the writing process, prewriting involves planning and brainstorming ideas, drafting is the stage where you put your ideas into writing, conferencing refers to seeking feedback or discussing the work, revision involves making changes to improve the content and structure, and editing focuses on correcting grammar, punctuation, and spelling errors. The other choices are incorrect because they either include elements that are not part of the standard writing process (such as peer-review and outlining) or they mix up the order of the stages (such as researching before prewriting).
Therefore, because, and accordingly are examples of which type of signal words?
- A. Emphasis words
- B. Compare/contrast words
- C. Cause-and-effect words
- D. Temporal sequencing words
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. 'Therefore,' 'because,' and 'accordingly' are examples of cause-and-effect signal words. These words indicate a relationship between actions or events where one causes or results in another. Choice A, 'Emphasis words,' is incorrect as the given signal words do not emphasize a point but rather show cause and effect. Choice B, 'Compare/contrast words,' is incorrect as these signal words do not indicate a comparison or contrast between two ideas. Choice D, 'Temporal sequencing words,' is incorrect as the signal words provided do not specifically denote a sequence of events over time, but rather a cause-and-effect relationship.
Which of the following is essential in the concluding statement of an argument?
- A. The introduction of new points that might lead to future arguments
- B. A summary of the argument that clearly reinforces its main points
- C. A brief explanation of other perspectives on the topic
- D. A short metaphor to help the main idea be more memorable to the audience
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'A summary of the argument that clearly reinforces its main points.' In a concluding statement of an argument, it is crucial to provide a concise summary that reinforces the main points presented throughout the argument. Option A is incorrect because introducing new points in the conclusion can confuse the audience and detract from the coherence of the argument. Option C is incorrect as the conclusion should focus on summarizing the main argument rather than delving into other perspectives. Option D is incorrect because while metaphors can be useful in enhancing understanding, they are not essential in the concluding statement of an argument, which should primarily focus on summarizing the key points.
Which of the following is an example of a correctly punctuated sentence?
- A. Beatrice is very intelligent; however, she just does not apply herself well enough in her classes to make good grades.
- B. Beatrice is very intelligent: she just does not apply herself well enough in her classes to make good grades.
- C. Beatrice is very intelligent; she just does not apply herself well enough in her classes to make good grades.
- D. Beatrice is very intelligent; she just does not apply herself well enough in her classes to make good grades.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Option D is the correct answer as it uses a semicolon to correctly separate two independent clauses. In this sentence, 'Beatrice is very intelligent' and 'she just does not apply herself well enough in her classes to make good grades' are two independent clauses that are related but can stand alone as separate sentences. The semicolon is the appropriate punctuation mark to link these two closely related ideas. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they either use a comma splice (A), a colon (B), or lack appropriate punctuation (C) to separate the independent clauses.