Nokea
Which of the following sentences correctly uses commas to set off a non-essential element?
- A. The teacher, who lives next door, will visit our class next week.
- B. The teacher who lives next door will visit our class next week.
- C. The teacher, who, by the way, lives next door, will visit our class next week.
- D. The teacher will visit our class next week, who lives next door.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. In this sentence, the phrase 'who lives next door' is a non-essential element providing additional information about the teacher. It is correctly set off by commas. Choice B does not use any commas to set off the non-essential element, making the information essential to the sentence. Choice C uses an unnecessary comma before 'who,' which disrupts the flow of the sentence. Choice D incorrectly places the non-essential element at the end of the sentence without appropriate commas, making it less clear and concise.
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Which of the following is an example of revision?
- A. Typing the first draft of an essay
- B. Reading sentences for clarity and making necessary changes
- C. Creating a list of all sources used within the essay
- D. Mapping out possible topics and subtopics
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because revision involves reviewing and editing sentences for clarity and making necessary changes to improve the overall quality of the writing. Choice A is incorrect because typing the first draft is part of the drafting process, not revision. Choice C is incorrect as creating a list of sources is related to research and citation but not revision. Choice D is incorrect as mapping out topics and subtopics is typically done during the outlining or prewriting stages, not during the revision process.
The following words all end in the same suffix, -ism: polytheism, communism, nationalism. Considering the meaning of these three words, which of the following best correlates to the meaning of the suffix?
- A. A doctrine
- B. A condition
- C. A characteristic
- D. A state of being
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'A doctrine.' The suffix -ism is commonly used to denote a system, doctrine, or belief. Words like polytheism, communism, and nationalism all represent specific doctrines or systems of belief. Therefore, the suffix -ism in these contexts indicates a particular set of ideas or principles. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because -ism does not typically refer to a condition, characteristic, or state of being, but rather to a specific ideology, doctrine, or belief system.
Which of the answer choices is an effective revision of the ambiguous sentence below? Tanya told her sister to tell her boyfriend Joe to call her as soon as he got home.
- A. Tanya's sister said, 'Tell Joe to call me as soon as he gets home.'
- B. Her sister told her boyfriend Joe to call Tanya as soon as he got home.
- C. Tanya said to her sister, 'Tell your boyfriend Joe to call me as soon as he gets home.'
- D. Tanya told her sister, 'Joe should call me as soon as he gets home.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer, option C, effectively clarifies the communication structure by specifying who is communicating with whom and when. Tanya instructs her sister to convey a message to her boyfriend Joe, requesting him to call Tanya upon his arrival home. This revision removes the ambiguity present in the original sentence. Option A is incorrect as it introduces unnecessary complexity and alters the original meaning. Option B is incorrect as it misinterprets the relationships among the individuals involved. Option D is incorrect as it changes the dynamics of the communication and does not address the ambiguity in the original sentence.
Which of the following words contains an exception to a spelling rule?
- A. Unclear
- B. Memorize
- C. Noticeable
- D. Grieved
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, 'Noticeable.' This word contains an exception to the common spelling rule of dropping the 'e' before adding a suffix starting with a vowel. In this case, the 'e' is retained in 'noticeable' before adding the suffix '-able.' Choices A, B, and D do not involve any spelling rule exceptions. 'Unclear,' 'Memorize,' and 'Grieved' follow standard spelling conventions without any irregularities.
Which of the following sentences would be classified as informal language?
- A. I'm counting on you to finish this before the deadline.
- B. The deadline presented by the CEO is non-negotiable.
- C. Every member of the department must meet the deadline.
- D. The time period prior to the deadline is extremely significant.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "I'm counting on you to finish this before the deadline." This sentence is classified as informal language due to the use of contractions (I'm) and the casual tone of the phrase. The other choices (B, C, D) are more formal in nature. Choice B uses formal language with terms like 'non-negotiable.' Choice C is a general statement about meeting a deadline without any informal language, and choice D discusses the significance of the time period before a deadline in a formal manner.