Nokea
Laboratory findings that the nurse would expect to be present in the patient with RA include
- A. polycythemia.
- B. increased immunoglobulin G (IgG).
- C. decreased white blood cell (WBC) count.
- D. anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA).
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: ACPA is specific to RA.
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Meningitis refers to that class of infections that cause inflammation of the meninges. Which Part of the brain does this refer to?
- A. Spinal fluid.
- B. Membranous covering of the brain and spinal cord.
- C. Main part of a neurone.
- D. Axon terminal.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Meningitis is an infection that causes inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. Symptoms include fever, headache, neck stiffness, and cognitive impairments. The inflammation can lead to serious complications, such as brain damage or sepsis, if not treated promptly. Meningitis can be caused by bacterial, viral, or fungal infections, with bacterial meningitis being the most severe form.
Dopamine is an important neurotransmitter. Which disease or disorder results when the neurons in the brain that produce dopamine die?
- A. Multiple sclerosis
- B. Lou Gehrig disease (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis)
- C. Parkinson disease
- D. Seizure disorder
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Parkinson disease is caused by the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain, leading to motor symptoms such as tremors and rigidity. Multiple sclerosis and ALS involve different neurological mechanisms, while seizure disorders are related to abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Dopamine's role in motor control is critical to understanding Parkinson disease.
A client who has a musculoskeletal problem is being discharged after a few days of hospital care. Why should the nurse consider factors related to the home environment while determining a plan for the continued rehabilitation of the client?
- A. To include additional care for clients who lack the basic amenities at home.
- B. To determine the client's access to the nearest drugstore.
- C. To modify the client's living arrangements or other accommodation changes.
- D. To determine if the client would continue with the self-care.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Understanding the home environment ensures the client can continue their rehabilitation effectively.
Proper body alignment of the hemiplegic patient with the use of a footboard, trochanter rolls, and pillows will minimize the development of
- A. plantar extension
- B. shoulder abduction
- C. internal hip rotation
- D. external hip rotation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Footboards prevent plantar extension deformities.
The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with a cerebral tumor. For which function should the nurse expect to assess an abnormality?
- A. Reflex movement
- B. Movement and speech
- C. Coordination and posture
- D. Heart rate and respiratory rate
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A cerebral tumor in the frontal lobe may affect movement and speech, as this area contains the motor cortex and Broca's area. Reflex movements are controlled by the spinal cord, coordination by the cerebellum, and heart rate by the medulla. Assessing movement and speech is critical for localizing the tumor's effects.