Essential of Pediatric Nursing Test Bank

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Laboratory studies indicate a client's blood pressure level is 185mg/dl. Two hours have passed since the client ate breakfast. Which test would yield the most occlusive diagnostic information about the client's glucose utilization?

  • A. A fasting blood glucose test
  • B. A test of serum glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)
  • C. A 6-hour glucose tolerance test
  • D. A test for urine ketones
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A 6-hour glucose tolerance test would yield the most occlusive diagnostic information about the client's glucose utilization in this case. The elevated blood pressure level of 185 mg/dL two hours after breakfast indicates poor glucose regulation. A glucose tolerance test involves monitoring the client's blood glucose levels over a period of time after ingesting a glucose solution. This test provides a comprehensive assessment of how the body processes glucose, revealing any abnormalities in glucose metabolism beyond fasting levels, such as postprandial (after-meal) glucose spikes and prolonged hyperglycemia. This can help identify conditions like insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, or diabetes, which may not be evident from a fasting blood glucose test alone. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) reflects average blood sugar levels over the past 2-3 months and would not provide immediate information about the client's current glucose metabolism. Urine ketones

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Of the following, the MOST likely cause of constipation is

  • A. hypothyroidism
  • B. Hirschsprung disease
  • C. functional constipation
  • D. celiac disease
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Functional constipation is the most common cause of constipation in children, often due to diet or behavioral factors.

Which food choice contains the highest kilocalorie?

  • A. Apple
  • B. Chicken
  • C. Bacon
  • D. Bread
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Bacon contains the highest kilocalories among the food choices provided. Bacon is high in fat, with approximately 42 kilocalories per slice (8 grams) compared to other options like an apple (52 kilocalories), chicken (231 kilocalories), and bread (79 kilocalories). The high fat content in bacon contributes to its higher caloric value compared to the other choices listed. As such, bacon is the food choice with the highest kilocalorie content in this selection.

You are discussing failure to thrive (FTT) with medical students. You mention that FTT is most often used to describe malnutrition related to environmental or psychosocial causes. An important statement that should be included in your discussion is

  • A. FTT is often diagnosed by weight that falls below the 25th percentile for age
  • B. a weight crossing one major percentile lines on the growth height should be evaluated for FTT chart over time is considered abnormal
  • C. a weight of less than 60 % of the median weight for the height of the child
  • D. small subset of the population naturally falls below the 3rd percentile but usually have normal weight for height
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Crossing percentile lines on a growth chart indicates a significant deviation from the child's previous growth trajectory, which is a key indicator of potential FTT.

Molly, with suspected rheumatic fever, is admitted to the pediatric unit. When obtaining the child's history, the nurseconsiders which information to be most important?

  • A. A fever that started 3 days ago
  • B. Lack of interest in food
  • C. A recent episode of pharyngitis
  • D. Vomiting for 2 days
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A recent episode of pharyngitis is most important when obtaining the history of a child suspected of having rheumatic fever because rheumatic fever often develops as a complication of inadequately treated streptococcal pharyngitis. It is crucial to determine if there was a recent streptococcal infection to assess the likelihood of rheumatic fever developing. The other symptoms mentioned, such as fever, lack of interest in food, and vomiting, are important as well, but the connection with the recent episode of pharyngitis is more specifically related to the potential development of rheumatic fever in this case.

Which of the ff would help a client with an allergic skin reaction to reduce itching and maintain skin intact? Choose all that apply

  • A. Humidifying the environment
  • B. Avoiding a skin lubricant
  • C. Bathing with a bar soap that contains lye
  • D. Wearing cotton gloves, esp during sleep
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Wearing cotton gloves, especially during sleep, would help protect the skin from further irritation caused by scratching during the night. Cotton is a breathable fabric that is gentle on the skin and can help prevent further damage or itching. It also helps in maintaining the skin intact by creating a barrier between the skin and external irritants, thus reducing the chances of exacerbating the allergic reaction.

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