Nokea
Larry is taking allopurinol to prevent gout. Monitoring of a patient who is taking allopurinol includes:
- A. Complete blood count
- B. Blood glucose
- C. C-reactive protein
- D. BUN, creatinine, and creatinine clearance
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Allopurinol requires renal function monitoring (BUN, creatinine) due to toxicity risk; CBC is less routine.
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Patients with pheochromocytoma should avoid which of the following classes of drugs because of the possibility of developing hypertensive crisis?
- A. Expectorants
- B. Beta-2-agonists
- C. Antitussives
- D. Antihistamines
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Beta-2-agonists can stimulate catecholamine release in pheochromocytoma, risking hypertensive crisis; other classes are safer.
An older adult experiencing shortness of breath is brought to the hospital by her daughter. While obtaining the medication history from the patient and her daughter, the nurse discovers that neither has a list of the patient's current medications or prescriptions. The patient has a weekly pill dispenser that contains four different pills. The prescriptions are filled through the local pharmacy. Which resource would be appropriate to use in determining the medication names and doses?
- A. Martindale-The Complete Drug Reference
- B. Drugs and Facts Comparisons
- C. Senior citizens' center
- D. Patient's home pharmacy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The patient's pharmacy maintains an accurate record of all current medications, making it the best resource for identifying the drugs and doses.
Which of the following is not hypoglicemic mechanism of action of metformin?
- A. Enhance insulin release by pancreatic beta cells
- B. Increase cell permeability of glucose and utilisation
- C. Decrease gluconeogenesis
- D. Interfere carbohydrate absorption in the gut
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Metformin does not enhance insulin release; it improves insulin sensitivity and reduces hepatic glucose production.
Which of the following drugs used to treat Alzheimer's disease is not an anticholinergic?
- A. Donepezil
- B. Memantine
- C. Rivastigmine
- D. Galantamine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Memantine is an NMDA receptor antagonist, not an anticholinesterase like the others.
The nurse admits a patient to the unit and learns the patient has recently been diagnosed with chronic renal failure but has not informed the primary care provider of this diagnosis. What is the nurse's first priority?
- A. Administer medications ordered immediately.
- B. Maintain the patient's confidentiality.
- C. Call the admitting physician immediately.
- D. Provide teaching about chronic renal failure
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Renal failure affects drug clearance; informing the physician ensures safe therapy adjustments.