Nokea
Malignant mutation in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is which of the following?
- A. Arg 403 Gln
- B. Gln 403 Arg
- C. Arg 304 Gln
- D. Gln 304 Arg
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Arg 403 Gln mutation is a known pathogenic mutation in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, linked with a higher risk of sudden cardiac death.
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A female client who was involved in a motor vehicle collision with a fractured left femur which is immobilized using a fracture traction splint in preparation for an open reduction internal fixation (ORIF). The nurse determines that her distal pulses are diminished in the left foot. Which interventions should the nurse implement? Select all that apply.
- A. Monitor left leg for pain, pallor, paresthesia, paralysis, pressure. Verify pedal pulses using a doppler pulse device. Evaluate the application of the splint to the left leg
- B. Verify pedal pulses using a Doppler pulse device
- C. Evaluate the application of the splint to the left leg.
- D. Administer pain medication to alleviate discomfort.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Monitoring for signs of compartment syndrome and verifying pulses are critical to ensure adequate circulation and prevent complications.
A nurse obtains the health history of a client who is newly admitted to the medical unit. Which statement by the client should alert the nurse to the presence of edema?
- A. I wake up to go to the bathroom at night.
- B. My shoes fit tighter by the end of the day.
- C. I seem to be feeling more anxious lately.
- D. I drink at least eight glasses of water a day.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tight-fitting shoes by the end of the day suggest fluid retention (edema), a common sign of cardiovascular or renal issues.
In homo cystinuria:
- A. Homocysteine accumulates just proximal to the enzyme defect
- B. Osteoporosis is a recognised feature
- C. Oral contraceptive pills with oestrogens are contraindicated
- D. Dislocation of lens is a feature
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dislocation of the lens is a well-documented feature of homocystinuria due to the accumulation of homocysteine, which affects connective tissue.
The following antibiotics interfere with bacterial translation:
- A. Penicillin
- B. Ceftriaxone
- C. Azithromycin
- D. Ciprofloxacin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Azithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit, thereby interfering with translation.
A nurse cares for a client who is recovering from a myocardial infarction. The client states, I will need to stop eating so much chili to keep that indigestion pain from returning. How should the nurse respond?
- A. Chili is high in fat and calories; it would be a good idea to stop eating it.
- B. The provider has prescribed an antacid for you to take every morning.
- C. What do you understand about what happened to you?
- D. When did you start experiencing this indigestion?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Assessing the client’s understanding of their condition helps the nurse provide appropriate education and address misconceptions about symptoms.