Nokea
Mang Simon, a hypertensive male client was prescribed with an exercise program. Which intervention would help Mang Simon in maintaining this program?
- A. writing down the exercise program
- B. thoroughly explaining the program to his wife, Aling Nena
- C. Motivating him positively that he can do it
- D. Doing it according to his needs and abilities
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Doing the exercise program according to Mang Simon's needs and abilities is the most appropriate intervention to help ensure his compliance and adherence to the program. By tailoring the exercise program to fit his personal limitations and capabilities, Mang Simon will be more likely to engage in physical activities without risking injury or overwhelming his body. Adjusting the intensity, duration, and type of exercises to suit his individual health condition is crucial in promoting his overall well-being and successfully managing his hypertension. This personalized approach will help him feel more confident and motivated to continue with the exercise program in the long term.
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In a client who has human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, CD4+ levels are measured to determine the:
- A. Presence of opportunistic infections
- B. Extent of immune system damage
- C. Level of the viral load
- D. Resistance to antigens
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: CD4+ T cells are a type of white blood cell that plays an essential role in coordinating the immune system's response to infections. In individuals with HIV infection, the virus specifically targets and destroys CD4+ T cells. Therefore, measuring CD4+ levels provides valuable information about the extent of damage to the immune system caused by HIV. Monitoring CD4+ levels helps in assessing the progression of the disease and determining when to initiate antiretroviral therapy to prevent opportunistic infections. Additionally, CD4+ levels are used to determine the prognosis and guide treatment decisions in individuals with HIV.
The screening test for PKU is most reliable if the blood sample is:
- A. from cord blood.
- B. taken 14 days after birth.
- C. taken before oral feedings are initiated.
- D. fresh blood from the heel.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The screening test for PKU (Phenylketonuria) is most reliable when the blood sample is fresh and taken from the heel. This is because the test requires a small amount of blood, and obtaining a fresh sample from the heel minimizes the risk of contamination and ensures accurate results. Additionally, collecting the blood sample from the heel is less invasive for the newborn and is a common practice for newborn screening tests. Blood samples taken from cord blood, 14 days after birth, or before oral feedings are initiated may not provide accurate results for the PKU screening test.
Which nursing action is most appropriate for the weak patient with osteoporosis?
- A. Maintain bedrest
- B. Ambulate with assistance
- C. Encourage fluids
- D. Provide a high-protein diet
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: For a weak patient with osteoporosis, it is important to promote mobility and weight-bearing activities to help maintain bone strength and prevent further bone loss. Ambulating with assistance can help improve muscle strength and balance, reducing the risk of falls and fractures. Maintaining bedrest can lead to further weakness and bone loss, so it is not the most appropriate action in this case. Encouraging fluids and providing a high-protein diet are important for overall health and healing but might not directly address the specific needs of a weak patient with osteoporosis.
Deteriorating insulation is found in the ceilings of a local school built in 195Parents and teachers are extremely concerned that it may be asbestos, and they call on you, the local pediatrician, to give advice in an open meeting. What advice would you give?
- A. Immediately remove all of the insulation.
- B. Confirm the presence of asbestos by laboratory evaluation, and do nothing further.
- C. Confirm the presence of asbestos by laboratory evaluation. If asbestos is confirmed, call a certified engineer for expert assessment.
- D. Reassure the parents that the hazards of asbestos have been overstated.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Asbestos should be confirmed by laboratory testing, and if present, a certified engineer should assess the situation to determine the safest course of action.
During thoracentesis, which of the following nursing intervention will be most crucial?
- A. Place patient in a quiet and cool room
- B. Maintain strict aseptic technique
- C. Advice patient to sit perfectly still during needle insertion until it has been withdrawn from the chest
- D. Apply pressure over the puncture site as soon as the needle is withdrawn
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Maintaining strict aseptic technique during thoracentesis is the most crucial nursing intervention. Thoracentesis is a procedure where a needle is inserted into the pleural space to obtain a sample of fluid for diagnostic purposes or to drain excess fluid for therapeutic relief. It is essential to prevent the introduction of pathogens or contaminants into the pleural space, as this can lead to serious complications such as infection. By following strict aseptic technique, the risk of complications can be minimized, ensuring the safety and well-being of the patient undergoing the procedure.