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Match each term with the correct description: organs that filter blood to remove wastes collected from all cells
- A. urethra
- B. urinary system
- C. bladder
- D. kidneys
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The kidneys filter blood to remove cellular wastes.
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Match: Monosaccharide
- A. simplest component of a carbohydrate
- B. building block of proteins
- C. component of nucleic acids
- D. form of stored energy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Monosaccharides, such as glucose, are the simplest units of carbohydrates and serve as immediate energy sources.
What are the substrate and end-products of digestion by the enzyme lipase?
- A. substrate: triglycerides, end-products: fatty acids and glycerol
- B. substrate: proteins, end-products: amino acids
- C. substrate: carbohydrates, end-products: monosaccharides
- D. substrate: nucleic acids, end-products: nucleotides
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lipase acts on triglycerides, breaking them down into fatty acids and glycerol.
Why is pepsin not secreted into the stomach?
- A. Because it would digest the stomach
- B. It is secreted into the stomach
- C. Because it would be inactivated by the acid in the stomach
- D. It is secreted into the intestine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pepsin is secreted into the stomach as pepsinogen by chief cells and activated by stomach acid. It does not digest the stomach due to the protective mucus layer.
Besides your urinary system, what other organs in your body help in excretion?
- A. lungs
- B. skin
- C. skin and lungs
- D. none of the above
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Both the lungs (excreting carbon dioxide) and skin (excreting sweat) aid in excretion.
Process of absorption of nutrients is carried out by
- A. Passive transport
- B. Facilitated transport
- C. Active transport
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nutrient absorption involves passive, facilitated, and active transport mechanisms.