Nokea
Match each term with the correct description: waste liquid containing water, salts, and wastes
- A. urethra
- B. urinary system
- C. bladder
- D. urine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Urine is the waste liquid containing water, salts, and metabolic wastes.
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In the buccal cavity of human being, digestion of which one of the following get started?
- A. Protein
- B. Fat
- C. Carbohydrates
- D. Nucleic acids
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The digestion of carbohydrates begins in the buccal cavity due to the action of salivary amylase, which breaks down starches into simpler sugars.
Which process involves the use of nutrients inside cells?
- A. absorption
- B. assimilation
- C. digestion
- D. ingestion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assimilation involves the incorporation of absorbed nutrients into the cells for energy production or synthesis of new compounds.
Which structure helps to prevent a bolus of food from entering the trachea during deglutition (swallowing)?
- A. collagen
- B. cardiac sphincter
- C. larynx
- D. epiglottis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The epiglottis is a flap of cartilage that covers the trachea during swallowing, preventing food from entering the airway.
A client who has not been allowed to eat for several days is ordered to begin a full liquid diet. The nurse can encourage the client to begin eating using which of the following statements?
- A. Your stomach can expand as you eat'
- B. Your stomach has permanently shrunk'
- C. You don't need to eat yet'
- D. Liquids won't help your stomach'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The stomach's rugae allow it to expand with food intake, countering the client's concern.
A client with an elevated amylase level asks the nurse about the altered value. The nurse bases a response on knowledge that amylase:
- A. Is an enzyme from the pancreas needed for carbohydrate digestion
- B. Plays no significant role in physiological processes
- C. Is an enzyme from the pancreas needed for fat digestion
- D. Is an enzyme from the pancreas that is the major component of bile
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Amylase, produced by the pancreas, digests carbohydrates into sugars.