Nokea
Microscopic analysis of tissue sampling from affected area of mucous membrane of oral cavity revealed bacillus in form of accumulations that looked like a pack of cigarettes. Ziehl-Neelsen staining gives them red colour. What kind of pathogenic organism was most likely revealed in tissue sampling?
- A. M.leprae
- B. M.tuberculosis
- C. A.bovis
- D. A.israilii
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: M.tuberculosis. The description of bacillus in the form of accumulations resembling a pack of cigarettes and staining red with Ziehl-Neelsen staining is characteristic of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. M.leprae (Choice A) is associated with leprosy and does not typically appear as described. A.bovis (Choice C) is a type of Mycobacterium but is not typically found in the oral cavity. A.israilii (Choice D) is not associated with the characteristics mentioned in the question. Therefore, based on the specific characteristics described, M.tuberculosis is the most likely pathogenic organism revealed in the tissue sampling.
You may also like to solve these questions
A patient complains of acute spastic abdominal pain, frequent urge to defecate, liquid bloody feces with mucus. Laboratory analysis of fecal smear revealed inconstant in shape organisms with erythrocyte. What is the most likely diagnosis?
- A. Amebiasis.
- B. Lambliasis.
- C. Schistosomiasis.
- D. Intestinal trichomoniasis.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Amebiasis. Amebiasis is caused by the parasite Entamoeba histolytica, presenting with symptoms like acute abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea with mucus, and inconstant shape organisms seen in fecal smear. The presence of erythrocytes supports the diagnosis due to the parasite's ability to invade intestinal mucosa causing bleeding. Choice B (Lambliasis) presents with different symptoms like steatorrhea and fatigue. Choice C (Schistosomiasis) is mainly associated with liver and urinary symptoms. Choice D (Intestinal trichomoniasis) commonly presents with watery diarrhea and does not typically cause bloody stools. Therefore, based on the patient's symptoms and fecal smear findings, Amebiasis is the most likely diagnosis.
Which one is true for enteropathogenic E.coli?
- A. They have fimbrial adhesins to bind enterocytes
- B. They cause bloody diarrhea in children similar to shigellosis
- C. These organisms are part of the normal intestinal flora
- D. They are invasive and produce enterotoxin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) have fimbrial adhesins that help them bind to enterocytes in the intestines, leading to colonization and infection. This is a key virulence factor of EPEC.
Explanation for why other choices are incorrect:
B: EPEC typically cause watery diarrhea in infants, not bloody diarrhea similar to shigellosis.
C: EPEC are not part of the normal intestinal flora; they are pathogenic bacteria.
D: EPEC are not invasive and do not typically produce enterotoxin; they primarily adhere to the intestinal epithelium.
Two weeks after hemotransfusion a patient developed fever. What protozoal disease can be suspected?
- A. Malaria
- B. Toxoplasmosis
- C. Leishmaniasis
- D. Amebiasis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Malaria. Two weeks after hemotransfusion, the onset of fever indicates a possible bloodborne infection. Malaria is a protozoal disease transmitted through infected blood, causing symptoms like fever. Toxoplasmosis, Leishmaniasis, and Amebiasis are not typically associated with fever following hemotransfusion. Malaria fits the timeline and mode of transmission in this scenario.
A 49-year-old countryman got an itching papule on the dorsum of his right hand. In the centre there is a vesicle with serosanginous exudate. Within the next 2 days the patient developed a painless edema of hand and forearm. On the 4th day the temperature rose to 38,5oC, in the right axillary region a large painful lymph node was found. One daybefore the onset of the disease the patient had examined a dead calf. What is the most likely diagnosis?
- A. Cutaneous anthrax
- B. Bubonic plague
- C. Carbuncle
- D. Lymphocutaneous tularemia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The most likely diagnosis is D: Lymphocutaneous tularemia. The key clues include exposure to a dead animal, vesicle with serosanginous exudate, painless edema progressing to lymph node involvement, and fever. Tularemia is caused by Francisella tularensis, commonly acquired through contact with infected animals. The characteristic ulcer at the site of entry, lymphadenopathy, and systemic symptoms point towards tularemia. Cutaneous anthrax (A) presents with a painless ulcer and black eschar. Bubonic plague (B) typically presents with buboes (swollen lymph nodes) and fever. Carbuncle (C) is a deep skin infection typically caused by Staphylococcus aureus.
A group of Ukrainian tourists returning from Samarqand was bringing with them gerbils. During examination in customs office ulcers were detected on the skin of the animals. What protozoa is the most likely to cause the disease in the animals, if mosquitoes are the carriers?
- A. Leishmania tropica major
- B. Balantidium coli
- C. P. falciparum
- D. T. cruzi
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale:
1. The presence of ulcers in animals suggests a parasitic infection.
2. Mosquitoes as carriers indicate a protozoan transmitted through insect bites.
3. Among the choices, Plasmodium falciparum causes malaria transmitted by mosquitoes.
4. Leishmania tropica major causes cutaneous leishmaniasis, not ulcers.
5. Balantidium coli causes intestinal infections, not skin ulcers.
6. Trypanosoma cruzi causes Chagas disease, not skin ulcers.