Nokea
Milk and other foods that alkalinize the urine may:
- A. Result in basic drugs, being, reabsosibet in
- B. Increase the elimination of basic drugs in the urine
- C. Decrease the elimination of acidic drugs
- D. Not alter drug elimination due to the minimal change in urine pH
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Alkalinizing urine increases ionization of acidic drugs, reducing their reabsorption and thus decreasing elimination.
You may also like to solve these questions
Choose a drug that does not cause bradycardia:
- A. Clonidine
- B. Guanethidine
- C. Hydralazine causes reflex tactycardia
- D. Propranolol
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hydralazine causes reflex tachycardia, not bradycardia.
A patient wants to know about the possible interactions of the various drugs that he has been prescribed for an illness. The nurse explains that the drugs interact with each other and produce an effect that is greater than the sum of their separate actions. Which of the following reactions is the nurse informing about?
- A. Additive drug reaction
- B. Synergistic drug reaction
- C. Antagonistic drug reaction
- D. Toxic drug reaction
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A synergistic drug reaction occurs when drugs interact with each other and produce a sum greater than the sum of their separate actions. An additive drug reaction occurs when the combined effect of two drugs is equal to the sum of each drug given alone. An antagonistic drug reaction occurs when one drug interferes with the action of another, causing neutralization or a decrease in the effect of one drug. Toxic drug reactions are caused when blood concentration levels exceed the therapeutic levels of a drug.
antagonist is a substance that:
- A. Binds to the receptors and initiates changes in cell function, producing maximal effect
- B. Binds to the receptors and initiates changes in cell function, producing submaximal effect
- C. Interacts with plasma proteins and doesn't produce any effect
- D. Binds to the receptors without directly altering their functions
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: An antagonist binds receptors without activating them, blocking agonist effects.
AH are prodrugs except
- A. Enalapril
- B. Paracetamol
- C. Sulphamethoxazole
- D. Trimethoprim
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Enalapril is a prodrug; paracetamol, sulphamethoxazole, and trimethoprim are active drugs.
Which is the most authoritative reference for medications that are injected?
- A. Martindale: The Complete
- B. Handbook on Injectable Drugs
- C. DailyMed
- D. Handbook of Nonprescription Drugs
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Handbook on Injectable Drugs is the most comprehensive reference available on the topic of compatibility of injectable drugs.