Nokea
Most common endocrine abnormality in patients with cystic fibrosis is:
- A. Hypothyroidism
- B. Diabetes mellitus
- C. Adrenal insufficiency
- D. Hyperthyroidism
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cystic fibrosis-related diabetes is the most common endocrine issue, from pancreatic damage, per CFF. A, C-E are less frequent.
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A nurse is caring for a child following surgical removal of a brain tumor. The nurse is monitoring the child and notes that the pulse rate has increased and the blood pressure has dropped significantly. Bloody drainage is also noted on the posterior dressing. The initial nursing action is to:
- A. Recheck the vital signs in 1 hour
- B. Place the child in Trendelenburg's position
- C. Document the findings
- D. Notify the registered nurse (RN)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Increased pulse, low BP, and bloody drainage suggest hemorrhage or ICP; notify RN (D) immediately. Waiting (A), Trendelenburg (B), or documenting only (C) delays care. Document: 'Most tumors create increased ICP… [requiring] immediate action.'
Body mass index (BMI) should be calculated starting at age:
- A. 6 months
- B. 1 year
- C. 2 years
- D. 3 years
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: BMI screening starts at age 2 , per AAP, as it aligns with standardized growth charts. Earlier ages (A, B) use weight-for-length, and later starts (D, E) delay assessment.
A 3-year-old girl presents with recurrent ear infections and hearing loss. Tympanometry shows flat curves. Most likely diagnosis is:
- A. Acute otitis media
- B. Otitis media with effusion
- C. Cholesteatoma
- D. Mastoiditis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: OME causes flat tympanometry, per AAP. A, C-E differ.
A 5-year-old girl presents with hematuria and hypertension. Ultrasound shows a renal mass. Most likely diagnosis is:
- A. Nephrotic syndrome
- B. Wilms tumor
- C. Polycystic kidney disease
- D. Renal vein thrombosis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Wilms tumor presents with hematuria, hypertension, and a renal mass, per NCI. A, C-E have different features.
In fetal circulation, the pressure is greatest in the
- A. Left ventricle
- B. Right atrium
- C. Pulmonary artery
- D. Aorta
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Right atrium B has the highest pressure in fetal circulation due to venous return, per document 3.