Nokea
Mrs. Flower has had an uneventful recovery from a hysterectomy necessitated by a class III cervical lesion. Two days before going home, she stopped eating, complained of difficulty swallowing, and would not talk. Which of the following actions is most appropriate?
- A. Avoid mention of diet and ask her husband to bring in favored foods
- B. Recommend psychiatric consultation before discharge
- C. Monitor her intake and output as a nursing measure
- D. Arrange for the dietician to talk with her
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Psychiatric consultation is appropriate to address potential psychological issues affecting recovery.
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Which hormone is made by the interstitial cells of the testis?
- A. Estrogen
- B. Testosterone
- C. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
- D. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Certainly. The correct answer is B: Testosterone. Interstitial cells of the testis, also known as Leydig cells, synthesize and secrete testosterone. Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone responsible for the development of male reproductive tissues and characteristics. Estrogen (A) is primarily produced in the ovaries in females. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) (C) is produced by the placenta during pregnancy. Luteinizing hormone (LH) (D) is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland and stimulates the interstitial cells to produce testosterone.
The hormone produced by the corpus
- A. implantation luteum that helps maintain pregnancy
- B. cleavage is called ________.
- C. fertilization
- D. estrogen
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The hormone produced by the corpus luteum that helps maintain pregnancy is progesterone. After ovulation, the ruptured follicle forms the corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone to support the uterine lining for potential implantation. Choice B is incorrect as cleavage refers to early cell divisions in embryo development. Choice C is incorrect as fertilization is the fusion of sperm and egg. Choice D is incorrect as estrogen is primarily produced by the ovaries.
Which hormone initiates the changes in puberty?
- A. FSH
- B. ICSH
- C. testosterone
- D. GnRH
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: GnRH. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is released from the hypothalamus, stimulating the pituitary gland to produce FSH and LH, which then trigger the changes of puberty. FSH and LH are not the initial hormones that start puberty, but rather the result of GnRH stimulation. Testosterone and ICSH are also involved in puberty but are not the primary hormone that initiates the process.
Before intercourse, a woman irrigates her vagina with a solution that lowers the pH of the vaginal fluid to 4.5. What will be the effect on sperm cells in the vagina?
- A. Metabolic rate will increase
- B. Rate of movement will decrease
- C. Formation of prostaglandin E2 will increase
- D. Rate of oxygen consumption will increase
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Rate of movement will decrease. Sperm cells require a slightly alkaline environment to maintain their motility. Lowering the pH to 4.5 will create an acidic environment, causing decreased sperm motility. Choice A is incorrect as lowering pH doesn't affect metabolic rate. Choice C is incorrect because prostaglandin E2 formation is not directly related to pH changes. Choice D is incorrect as oxygen consumption rate of sperm cells is not affected by vaginal pH.
When instructing a patient about the risk factors associated with breast cancer, which one of the following should be identified as a myth?
- A. Breast cancer often follows an injury to the breast
- B. The incidence of breast cancer increases with age
- C. Women whose mothers or sisters have had breast cancer are twice as likely to develop it
- D. A diet high in animal fat has been linked with an increased incidence of breast cancer
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The idea that breast cancer often follows an injury to the breast is a myth; there is no evidence supporting this claim.