Nokea
Na+ and other carrier ions facilitate absorption of
- A. amino acids and fructose
- B. fatty acids and glycerol
- C. fatty acids and glucose
- D. amino acids and glucose
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Na+ facilitates the absorption of glucose and amino acids through sodium-dependent transporters in the intestinal cells. Glucose and amino acids are transported into the cells along with Na+ ions, making option D the correct choice. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because Na+ does not facilitate the absorption of fructose, fatty acids, or glycerol through specific transport mechanisms.
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Which cells secrete hydrochloric acid in the stomach?
- A. Parietal cells
- B. Chief cells
- C. Mucous neck cells
- D. Enteroendocrine cells
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Parietal cells. Parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid in the stomach to create the acidic environment necessary for digestion. They also secrete intrinsic factor for vitamin B12 absorption. Chief cells produce pepsinogen, not hydrochloric acid. Mucous neck cells secrete mucus to protect the stomach lining. Enteroendocrine cells secrete hormones like gastrin, not hydrochloric acid. Therefore, the correct choice is A as it directly produces hydrochloric acid in the stomach.
A client is visited by the dietitian following a colostomy procedure. Which of the following is the primary nutrition concern for this type of client?
- A. Fiber.
- B. Small frequent meals.
- C. Chewing food thoroughly.
- D. Fluids and electrolytes.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance is crucial for colostomy clients, as water absorption is affected.
Accumulation of excess fluid in the peritoneal cavity is called
- A. peritonitis.
- B. a hiatal hernia.
- C. an inguinal hernia.
- D. ascites.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: ascites. Ascites is the accumulation of excess fluid in the peritoneal cavity. This condition can be caused by liver disease, heart failure, kidney disease, or certain cancers. Peritonitis (A) is inflammation of the peritoneum, not fluid accumulation. Hiatal hernia (B) is a condition where the stomach bulges through the diaphragm. Inguinal hernia (C) is the protrusion of abdominal contents through the inguinal canal. Hence, choices A, B, and C are incorrect in the context of excess fluid accumulation in the peritoneal cavity.
What must the nurse do to care for a T-tube in a patient following a cholecystectomy?
- A. Keep the tube supported and free of kinks.
- B. Attach the tube to low, continuous suction.
- C. Clamp the tube when ambulating the patient.
- D. Irrigate the tube with 10-mL sterile saline every 2 to 4 hours.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should ensure the T-tube is supported and free from kinks to facilitate bile drainage and prevent complications.
A patient with advanced cirrhosis has a nursing diagnosis of imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements related to anorexia and inadequate food intake. What would be an appropriate midday snack for the patient?
- A. Peanut butter and salt-free crackers
- B. A fresh tomato sandwich with salt-free butter
- C. Popcorn with salt-free butter and herbal seasoning
- D. Canned chicken noodle soup with low-protein bread
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Peanut butter and salt-free crackers provide protein and energy, which can help address nutritional deficiencies in a patient with cirrhosis.