Nokea
Nurse Jones decides to go against family wishes and tell the client of his terminal status because that is what she would want if she were the client. Which of the following ethical theories is considered in this decision?
- A. Kantianism
- B. Christian ethics
- C. Natural law theories
- D. Ethical egoism
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nurse Jones bases her decision on what she would want in the client's position, reflecting a duty-based approach focused on universal moral principles, which aligns with Kantianism, option a.
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What are the fundamental concepts of dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT)?
- A. Patients are doing the best they can
- B. Patients are motivated and willing to change
- C. Radical acceptance is essential in therapy
- D. Mindfulness is key to managing emotions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the fundamental concept of DBT is that patients are doing the best they can. This acknowledges that individuals are trying their best with the skills they currently have. Radical acceptance (C) is a core principle in DBT, but it is not the most fundamental concept. While mindfulness (D) is a key component of DBT, it is not the overarching fundamental concept. Motivation and willingness to change (B) are important in therapy, but the primary focus of DBT is on accepting where the patient is currently at in their journey.
Counseling is done as part of the work of the teacher
- A. Non-specialist
- B. Informal
- C. Professional
- D. Specialized
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Teachers offer non-specialist counseling within their role.
The child's ability to understand time sequence develops during
- A. Sensorimotor
- B. Preoperational
- C. Concrete operational
- D. Formal operational
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Time sequencing matures in the concrete operational stage with logical thinking (Piaget).
Which of the following impacts on the client's preferences in terms of hygiene routines and practices?
- A. Culture
- B. Locus of control
- C. Bodily surface area
- D. Diaphoresis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Culture (A) significantly influences hygiene practices.
The nurse demonstrates an understanding of the importance of assessment in prevention of mental illness when:
- A. Observing the partner of a pregnant woman for evidence of effective support and caring.
- B. Educating the family of a client diagnosed with depression as to the signs of suicide planning.
- C. Encouraging the parents of a teenager diagnosed with anorexia to attend family counseling.
- D. Assessing the problem-solving skills of a client diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because observing the partner of a pregnant woman for effective support and caring is important in preventing mental illness by promoting a supportive environment. This assessment can help identify potential risk factors or stressors that may contribute to the development of mental health issues. In contrast, options B, C, and D focus on interventions after the mental illness has already been diagnosed, rather than prevention through early assessment. B addresses managing a diagnosed condition, C focuses on treatment through counseling, and D involves evaluating specific symptoms rather than holistic support. Thus, A is the most appropriate choice for prevention through early assessment.