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Nurses in the United States follow regulations outlined by each state's nurse practice act. A nurse moving to a different state anticipates finding which elements are common to all states' nurse practice acts?
- A. Definition of the legal scope of nursing practice for those registered
- B. Provision of continuing education programs to meet state requirements
- C. Determining the scope of content covered in the NCLEX examination
- D. Creating institutional policies for health care practices
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: State nurse practice acts regulate practice by defining the legal scope of practice, creating a state board of nursing to make and enforce rules and regulations, define important terms and activities in nursing, and establish criteria for the education and licensure of nurses. The state's board of nursing has the legal authority define the education required to take NCLEX but does not provide that education or determine the content of the examination. The board has the legal authority to allow graduates of approved schools to take the licensing examination. Institutional policies are created by the institutions themselves.
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A nurse considers returning to school to obtain a master's degree in nursing. Which practice discipline requiring graduate level education could the nurse consider?
- A. Rehabilitation nurse
- B. Critical care nurse
- C. Oncology nurse
- D. Nurse practitioner
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A master's degree (MSN) prepares advanced practice nurses, nurse practitioners (NPs), nurse midwives, clinical specialists, or clinical nurse leaders.
According to Nursing: Scope and Standards of Practice (ANA, 2021), 'Nursing is the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, groups, communities, and populations in recognition of the connection of all humanity.' Which actions are consistent with these nursing roles? Select all that apply.
- A. Offering emotional support to a patient overwhelmed by a new diagnosis of ovarian cancer
- B. Making a diagnosis of appendicitis when a patient reports right lower quadrant pain
- C. Providing classes on nutrition and physical activity at a senior center
- D. Administering an antibiotic to a patient with a documented infection
- E. Working with the health department to provide free influenza vaccinations to children
- F. Requesting the health care provider change prescription for the patient whose pain is still unrelieved
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E,F
Rationale: Education, emotional support, nursing interventions such as administering medications, preventing influenza and infectious diseases, and advocating for improved pain management are roles of the nurse. Making a medical diagnosis is not within the scope of professional nursing practice.
A nurse is planning education for a patient who is scheduled for a diagnostic procedure to rule out a cerebral aneurysm. Which aspect of nursing does the nurse use as the basis for education?
- A. Art of nursing
- B. Science of nursing
- C. Caring aspect of nursing
- D. Holistic approach to nursing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The science of nursing is the knowledge base for care that is provided. In contrast, the skilled application of that knowledge is the art of nursing. Providing holistic care to patients based on the science of nursing is considered the art of nursing.
Nurses of a statewide nursing organization come together to plan for the challenges to health care for the 21st century. What current trend in health care should be a focus of the plan?
- A. Decreasing numbers of hospitalized patients
- B. Increasing numbers of older and more acutely ill patients
- C. Decreasing health care costs owing to managed care
- D. Decreasing advances in medical knowledge and technology
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The National Advisory Council on Nurse Education and Practice identifies the following critical challenges to nursing practice in the 21st century: A growing population of hospitalized patients who are older and more acutely ill, increasing health care costs, and the need to stay current with rapid advances in medical knowledge and technology.
Nursing students are learning about the criteria that establish nursing as a profession. Which statements by the students indicate they have correctly described characteristics of a profession? Select all that apply.
- A. Nursing is composed of a well-defined body of general knowledge.
- B. Nursing interventions are dependent upon medical practice.
- C. Nursing is a recognized authority by a professional group.
- D. Nursing practice is regulated by the medical profession.
- E. Nursing has a code of ethics.
- F. Nursing is influenced by ongoing research.
Correct Answer: C,E,F
Rationale: Nursing is recognized increasingly as a profession based on the following defining criteria: well-defined body of specific and unique knowledge, strong service orientation, recognized authority by a professional group, code of ethics, professional organization that sets standards, ongoing research, and autonomy and self-regulation.