Nokea
Officially approved blood glucose meters used for self-testing and point-of-care diagnostics are not always suitable to measure the blood glucose values in neonates. Question: What is the main cause for this?
- A. Some meters are calibrated to plasma glucose and other meters to blood glucose
- B. Some measurement methods are sensitive to high levels of ascorbic acid (vitamin C)
- C. The measurement variation of some meters is too large
- D. Some meters are sensitive to abnormal haematocrit values
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Neonate glucose flubs haematocrit swings throw meters off, not calibration, vitamin C, or variance. Nurses adjust for this, a chronic baby glitch.
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Proven treatment for patients with noncirrhosis from NAFLD include the following except:
- A. Liver transplant
- B. Bariatric surgery
- C. Vitamin E
- D. Weight loss
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Noncirrhotic NAFLD bends to weight loss, bariatric cuts, and Vitamin E's antioxidant punch proven aids. Transplant's endgame for cirrhosis, not here. Metformin flops for fat, despite diabetes use. Clinicians skip this organ swap, leaning on lifestyle and pills, a chronic fix before scars hit.
A nurse works with clients who have alopecia from chemotherapy. What action by the nurse takes priority?
- A. Helping clients adjust to their appearance
- B. Reassuring clients that this change is temporary
- C. Referring clients to a reputable wig shop
- D. Teaching measures to prevent scalp injury
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Alopecia, or hair loss, is a common chemotherapy side effect due to drugs targeting rapidly dividing cells, including hair follicles. While emotional support is vital, the priority is client safety. Teaching measures to prevent scalp injury such as avoiding harsh brushing or sun exposure takes precedence because the scalp becomes vulnerable without hair's protective barrier, risking cuts, infections, or burns. Helping clients adjust to appearance and reassuring them about regrowth address psychosocial needs but don't mitigate physical risk. Referring to a wig shop is practical but secondary to safety. In oncology nursing, prioritizing physical protection aligns with the hierarchy of needs, ensuring the client avoids complications like infection, especially if immunocompromised, before addressing emotional impacts.
In the clinical assessment of heart failure, which of the following is FALSE?
- A. Jugular venous distention, an S1 heart sound, and non-displaced apical impulse significantly increase the likelihood of the diagnosis
- B. Hypertension, CAD, and valvular disease are the most common causes
- C. Fatigue, weakness, dyspnea, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, and edema are common symptoms
- D. Cardiomegaly on CXR is helpful in supporting the diagnosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Jugular venous distention and edema suggest heart failure, but S1 (normal first sound) and non-displaced apical impulse don't increase diagnostic likelihood S3 or displaced impulse do, per clinical criteria. Common causes (HTN, CAD, valvular disease), symptoms, and cardiomegaly on CXR are true. ECG is vital. This corrects diagnostic focus in chronic HF assessment.
When caring for a patient who is pancytopenic, which action by unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) indicates a need for the nurse to intervene?
- A. The UAP assists the patient to use dental floss after eating.
- B. The UAP adds baking soda to the patient's saline oral rinses.
- C. The UAP puts fluoride toothpaste on the patient's toothbrush.
- D. The UAP has the patient rinse after meals with a saline solution.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pancytopenia low everything means flossing risks bleeding and infection in a mouth with no platelets or immunity; baking soda , fluoride , and saline are safe. Nurses in oncology stop this UAP need soft-brush guidance, not floss, to protect fragile mucosa.
Which of the following procedures are performed for a client with a pericardial effusion?
- A. Thoracotomy
- B. Pericardiocentesis
- C. Coronary artery bypass graft
- D. Thoracentesis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pericardial effusion fluid around the heart threatens tamponade, compressing cardiac output. Pericardiocentesis drains this via needle or catheter, relieving pressure, a targeted fix for this diagnosis. Thoracotomy, an open chest surgery, is overkill unless complications escalate. Coronary bypass addresses arterial blockages, unrelated to effusion. Thoracentesis taps pleural fluid, not pericardial. Nurses prep for pericardiocentesis, anticipating its urgency in restoring function, a procedure matching the condition's anatomy and risk, critical for stabilizing clients in this cardiac emergency.